Several species of worm are commonly kept in the UK, most notably the Red Wiggler (Eisenia fetida), also known as the Composting Worm or Tiger Worm, and the common Earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris). Worms are primarily kept for vermiculture — the process of using worms to break down organic material into nutrient-rich compost — making them highly practical invertebrates for gardeners and those interested in sustainable living. They are also widely used as feeder invertebrates for reptiles, amphibians, fish, and birds kept as pets.
Red Wigglers are the most popular composting species, capable of processing large volumes of organic kitchen waste and producing exceptionally fertile worm castings. They reproduce readily under favourable conditions, with mature worms capable of producing several cocoons per week, each containing multiple eggs. Worms thrive in dark, moist environments at temperatures between 15 and 25°C, and require bedding material such as shredded cardboard or coir along with regular additions of vegetable peelings, coffee grounds, and other kitchen scraps. They are odourless when managed correctly and require minimal ongoing care, making them an accessible and genuinely useful invertebrate to keep. For those new to invertebrate keeping, a worm bin or wormery is a low-cost and rewarding introduction to the hobby with tangible benefits for home composting.