Borzoi Dogs Breed - Information, Temperament & Size | Pets4Homes

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Borzoi

Lifespan10 - 14

Average Price£800 - £1,500

Weight34 - 4825 - 41

Height75 - 8568 - 78

PedigreeYes

Breed groupHound

Health tests availableDegenerative Myelopathy DNA test, Congenital deafness test through Animal Health Trust

NicknamesBarzoï, Russian Wolfhound, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, Psovoi

Pros

Elegant and aristocratic appearance with a calm, loyal nature

Strong bond with family, especially good with older children

Highly intelligent and capable of learning complex tasks

Adapt well to rural or spacious living with ample exercise opportunities

Cons

Requires large, secure outdoor space which may not suit urban living

High prey drive necessitates vigilant management and recall training

Sensitive temperament makes harsh training detrimental

Not suitable for first-time dog owners due to training challenges

The Borzoi, often referred to as the Russian Wolfhound, stands out with its aristocratic appearance, elegant lines, and remarkable speed. Originally bred in Russia for hunting wolves, the breed embodies grace coupled with athleticism, showcasing a slender yet powerful physique that hints at their swift, coursing nature. Their history as regal companions as well as working dogs has endowed them with dignified manners and a calm temperament, making them strikingly beautiful pets for knowledgeable owners.

Primarily hounds, Borzois were developed for speed and agility to chase down swift prey, a characteristic still very much central to their nature today. Physically, they are tall and lean, with long, narrow heads and silky coats that come in a broad palette of colours. Temperamentally, they offer a placid and reserved disposition, often aloof with strangers but devoted to their families. This combination requires an owner who appreciates their independent nature while providing consistent training and ample exercise.

Ideal owners are those with experience in handling large sighthounds or similar breeds who have the space—preferably a large, secure garden or country setting—to accommodate the breed’s need for daily vigorous exercise. Borzois gracefully balance active bursts of speed with quieter, more laid-back behaviours indoors. Prospective owners should be prepared to give their Borzoi considerable time for exercise and socialisation, as well as patient, gentle guidance to help manage their strong prey drive and sensitivity.

Caring for a Borzoi involves regular grooming to maintain their silk-like coats, a stable environment where they feel safe, and a carefully balanced diet to support their large stature. Their sensitive nature means they do not respond well to harsh training methods but thrive under positive reinforcement and consistent routines. Despite their size, Borzois often adapt well to family life, particularly with older children, making them companions that combine noble looks with affectionate loyalty.

Perfect For

Experienced owners familiar with sighthounds, those living in rural or semi-rural settings with ample space for running, and active individuals or families who enjoy outdoor lifestyles and can commit to daily exercise and grooming routines.

Key Considerations

Requires large, secure outdoor space; needs extensive daily exercise; sensitive to harsh training methods; not suited for apartment living; possesses a strong prey drive demanding vigilant recall training.

The Borzoi’s origins trace back to Russia, with some estimates placing its development as early as the 9th or 10th century, possibly involving crossing Arabian sighthounds such as the Saluki with native Russian breeds. Primarily bred for coursing and hunting wolves, the Borzoi is Russia’s iconic sighthound, designed to possess both incredible speed and endurance to track and hold large prey over vast distances and harsh winter terrain.

Early Development

The breed’s early history is linked to Russian nobility and their use as hunting dogs for the aristocracy. In the 17th century, a Russian Duke endeavoured to combine Arabian sighthounds with robust native dogs to create the Borzoi, optimising the breed to survive colder climates while retaining agility and speed. Borzois quickly gained popularity within royal circles, often presented as gifts by the Czars to European nobility, contributing to the breed’s spread across Europe and North America.

Modern Recognition

In 1903, Joseph Thomas imported Borzois from kennels owned by Grand Duke Nicholas of Tula and Artem Balderoff in Russia, establishing the breed foundation stock in the UK and the USA. Unfortunately, the Russian Revolution severely impacted the Borzoi population within Russia, but the breed survived internationally. The Kennel Club recognised the breed formally mid-20th century, standardising the name Borzoi instead of Russian Wolfhound to unify identity globally. Today, the Borzoi commands a loyal following as both an elegant companion and a working sighthound.

Size and Build

The Borzoi is a large sighthound with males typically standing between 75 and 85 cm tall at the withers and weighing 34 to 48 kg, while females measure 68 to 78 cm and weigh 25 to 41 kg. Their bodies display a harmonious blend of grace and power, featuring long, lean heads with a slightly domed skull and a very gentle stop. Their jaw is strong and deep, ending in a rounded black nose, adding to their aristocratic profile.

Coat and Colours

They possess a soft, silky double coat that can be flat, slightly wavy, or mildly curly. The coat is longest on the neck (forming a distinctive frill, especially pronounced in males), hindquarters, tails, and chest, with shorter hair on the head and ears. Accepted coat colours registered by the Kennel Club range widely, including black & white, brindles, sable variants, blues, creams, fawns, golds, greys, lemons, mahogany, reds, silvers, tortoiseshells, tricolours, self-coloured variations, and white, among many others.

Distinctive Features

The breed’s almond-shaped, dark eyes give an intelligent, alert expression, set well back but not too widely spaced. Their ears are small, delicate, and set high; at rest they fold back against the neck but become erect when the dog is alert. The Borzoi has a muscular neck curved elegantly, leading to sloping shoulders and long, straight limbs. The chest is deep but narrow, with a pronounced breastbone and a tucked-up abdomen, contributing to their speed and agility. Their hindquarters are notably strong and broader than their forequarters, providing powerful drive, while the feathered tail is long, carried low with a graceful curve.

Gender Differences

Males are generally taller, heavier, and have a more pronounced frill on the neck compared to the more refined and slightly smaller females. Temperamentally, females may be somewhat more reserved, whereas males show more confidence without coarseness. Both genders are dignified and display the breed’s characteristic elegance.

Gait and Movement

Borzois exhibit a fluid, ground-covering gait with great reach and a springy pastern, their powerful hindquarters driving effortless forward motion, conveying both grace and athleticism in equal measure, ideal for their historic coursing role.

Core Personality Traits

The Borzoi’s personality is quietly confident, dignified, and reserved. While affectionate and loyal to their family, they tend to be aloof and wary with strangers, leaning towards a sensitivity that requires gentle handling. Their strong prey drive fuels independent decision-making, including a tendency to roam if given the chance, typical of sighthounds.

Social Behavior

Though not overly sociable with strangers, Borzois form close, strong bonds with their family, often showing a patient, calm nature around familiar people, including children. They are generally tolerant of other dogs but caution is advised when introducing them to smaller pets due to their high prey instinct.

Working Instincts

As coursing sighthounds, Borzois retain an intense drive to chase moving objects and possess a keen awareness of their environment. Their speed and agility make them excellent for canine sports requiring bursts of velocity and endurance, although their independent streak means they may not always respond immediately to commands.

Common Behavioral Challenges

Prospective owners should be mindful of their prey drive and tendency to wander, necessitating secure fencing and controlled outdoor access. Their sensitivity means harsh correction can cause fear or mistrust, so consistent, positive reinforcement training is key. Separation anxiety can occur if left alone too long, sometimes leading to destructive behaviours.

Despite their intelligence, Borzois pose a training challenge due to a pronounced stubborn streak and a desire to roam, characteristic of sighthounds. They require early, consistent, and patient training by owners who understand their unique needs to foster obedience and avoid dangerous off-lead situations.

Puppy Training Priorities

From the outset, socialisation is critical during their formative months, alongside establishing clear boundaries and house rules. Early training should prioritise foundational commands such as come, sit, stay, heel, quiet, leave it, down, and bed to instil discipline and respect.

Training Methods That Work

Positive reinforcement, gentle corrections, and training sessions that respect the Borzoi’s sensitive nature yield the best results. Harsh or forceful methods are counterproductive due to their low tolerance for stress and pain. Patience and consistency over time help harness their intelligence into reliable behaviour.

Advanced Training Potential

Borzois excel in activities that cater to their speed and agility, such as lure coursing, obedience trials, and certain canine sports that allow for bursts of speed combined with focus. However, their independence means they may not achieve full obedience but can become well-mannered companions.

Common Training Mistakes

Owners often err by underestimating the breed’s prey drive, allowing off-lead exercise in unsecured areas. Another frequent mistake is using harsh corrections or inconsistent routine, which can lead to fearfulness or outright defiance. Early commitment to structured training is essential for success.

Age-Specific Interactions

Borzois are gentle and patient with children, especially when introduced carefully and with calm play. Their large size means supervision is necessary, particularly with toddlers and younger children, to ensure the dog and child interact safely and respectfully. They prefer quiet, controlled play to avoid stress or accidental injury.

Teaching Children Proper Interaction

Education for children on respectful behaviour around the Borzoi is crucial, including no roughhousing, proper approach techniques, and understanding the dog’s need for space. Encouraging gentle petting and calm engagement helps foster positive bonds.

Breed-Specific Considerations

Families should account for the breed’s prey drive and occasional aloofness. Borzois are not ideal for high-energy, boisterous play; instead, they thrive in stable, low-key family environments where their calm nature is appreciated. Their size requires safe, spacious settings to prevent accidental harm during interactions.

Creating Safe Environments

Secure gardens and supervised indoor interactions ensure safety for both children and Borzoi. Providing designated quiet areas for the dog to retreat to helps manage stress and prevents overstimulation. Adult supervision is essential to mitigate risks and maintain harmonious family life.

Breed-Specific Health Conditions

Borzois have a typical lifespan of 10 to 14 years when well cared for. As a large breed with unique physiology, they are predisposed to certain hereditary and acquired health issues. Key concerns include Degenerative Myelopathy, congenital deafness, hypothyroidism, bloat (gastric torsion), and cancers such as osteosarcoma. Sensitivity to anaesthetics and barbiturates requires special veterinary attention.

Genetic Testing Requirements

Responsible breeders participate in health screening, including DNA tests for Degenerative Myelopathy and hearing assessments for congenital deafness, to reduce breed health risks. These tests are vital in breeding decisions to maintain the breed’s health.

Preventive Healthcare Schedule

Puppies require initial vaccinations starting around 10–12 weeks, with boosters as advised by the vet. Regular worming, flea, and tick prevention, annual health checks, and dental care are essential throughout the Borzoi’s life to maintain optimal health.

Insurance Considerations

Due to the breed’s size and health predispositions, insurance premiums may be higher than average. Prospective owners should consider lifetime coverage to help manage costs related to health issues like bloat and orthopedic conditions which can be costly to treat.

Daily Care Routine

A typical Borzoi daily routine involves early morning exercise, including a long walk or allowed playtime in a secure garden, followed by nutritious feeding. The day should include opportunities for rest, grooming attention such as brushing, and mental stimulation through gentle training or calm play sessions. Evening routines typically mirror morning activity with social interaction and rest.

Living Environment Needs

Given their size and need for space to run freely, Borzois require a large, securely fenced garden in a rural or suburban setting. Apartments and small city homes are unsuitable due to their exercise and roaming tendencies. Climate-wise, they adapt well but should be protected during extreme cold or hot spells, especially given their thin skin and coat characteristics.

Seasonal Care Adjustments

In warmer months, it is essential to provide access to shade and plenty of fresh water to prevent overheating. In colder seasons, Borzois tolerate cold well thanks to their double coat but may require extra bedding and shelter from harsh weather. Regular ear checks and drying are important year-round to avoid infections.

Senior Care Adaptations

Older Borzois need tailored care focusing on maintaining joint health, balanced diets for weight management, and softer bedding to prevent sores. Reduced exercise must still be consistent to keep muscles toned while avoiding overexertion. Monitoring sensory decline with age is important for safety and quality of life adjustments.

Coat Maintenance Schedule

Borzois possess a coat that demands daily brushing to prevent tangles and mats, especially during heavy shedding seasons in spring and autumn when shedding intensifies. Males tend to shed heavily once annually while females have more prolonged shedding periods. Regular trimming of hair between paw pads is essential to prevent discomfort in wet or cold weather.

Professional Grooming Requirements

Professional grooming every 6 to 8 weeks is recommended to maintain coat health and manage length, feathering, and skin condition. Groomers familiar with the breed can preserve the natural elegance and correct presentation.

Home Grooming Techniques

At home, owners should use slicker brushes, grooming gloves, and combs to gently detangle the coat, paying close attention to feathered areas. Ear cleaning and drying after baths or exposure to moisture is important to prevent infections. Nail trimming and dental care are also critical components of home grooming.

Common Grooming Challenges

Borzois' coat is prone to tangling and matting; neglect can lead to painful mats. Seasonal shedding can deposit hair throughout the home. Ear infections may arise from moisture retention, so regular checks and cleaning are crucial. Patience and routine are key to managing grooming needs effectively.

Daily Exercise Requirements

Borzois require a significant amount of exercise, ideally at least 2 hours per day, combining brisk walks and opportunities for sprinting in safely enclosed areas. Their natural speed and agility demand a lifestyle permitting bursts of running alongside more relaxed periods.

Suitable Activities

Lure coursing is an excellent activity that taps into their prey drive and natural speed. Long, secure off-leash runs in a large garden or designated sighthound area allow them to satisfy their instinctual needs safely. Gentle walks and mental stimulation with training exercises complement their physical regimen.

Exercise Restrictions

Young puppies should have controlled exercise to protect growing joints, avoiding overly strenuous activity. In hot weather, exercise intensity should be reduced and hydration ensured. Caution is essential due to their sensitivity to heat and pronounced prey drive.

Mental Stimulation Ideas

Enrichment toys, scent games, and short training sessions provide important mental challenges. Interactive puzzle feeders and obedience training help sharpen focus, while calm play encourages engagement without overexertion.

Nutritional Requirements

Borzois require a high-quality diet tailored to their large size and high activity level, with well-balanced protein and fat ratios to support muscle development and energy needs. Puppies benefit from a diet rich in nutrients to promote healthy growth, while seniors require adjusted caloric intake to prevent obesity.

Feeding Schedule Guidelines

Feeding should be split across multiple meals during puppyhood (3-4 times daily) reducing to two meals for adults. Portion control is vital to maintain ideal body condition and prevent bloat, a serious health risk in larger breeds.

Special Dietary Considerations

Owners must avoid feeding immediately before or after exercise to reduce the risk of gastric torsion. Feeding from an elevated bowl can ease swallowing. Attention to food allergies or sensitivities is essential, opting for grain-free or limited ingredient diets if necessary.

Weight Management

Regular body condition scoring and weight monitoring prevent obesity, which impairs mobility and exacerbates health issues. Adjusting diets according to activity and life stage, alongside regular exercise, ensures optimal weight maintenance.

Borzoi puppies from established and reputable UK breeders typically command prices ranging from 800 to ,1500, reflecting their rarity and pedigree quality. Due to the limited number of litters, waiting lists are common for those seeking a well-bred Borzoi puppy. Initial setup costs for a new Borzoi owner, including secure fencing, quality bedding, bowls, grooming tools, and training equipment, can add approximately ,300 to ,500 to startup expenses.

Monthly costs for keeping a Borzoi average between ,60 and ,100, covering premium diet requirements, routine grooming such as regular brushing or professional grooming visits, and veterinary care including vaccinations and parasite prevention. Insurance premiums vary widely based on age, location, and coverage details, with lifetime policies potentially exceeding ,50 monthly.

Considering their predisposition to health issues such as bloat, orthopedic concerns, and some cancers, owners should budget for occasional veterinary treatments that may increase annual upkeep. Lifelong financial commitment for a Borzoi can easily exceed ,10,000, depending on care complexity and emergency health interventions.

To see current Borzoi puppies and adults available for sale, please visit find Borzoi for sale on Pets4Homes.

When considering purchasing a Borzoi, prospective owners should prioritise finding ethical breeders who focus on health, temperament, and breed standards rather than quick profits. Visiting the breeder's premises to meet parents and assess puppy health is essential. Always verify worming, vaccination, and microchipping records.

Finding Ethical Breeders

Look for Kennel Club registration, health testing of breeding dogs, and breeders who limit litters per dam. Ask about socialisation efforts and pedigree verification. Avoid breeders with multiple litters available simultaneously or those reluctant to provide documentation.

Health Testing Verification

Ensure breeders provide clear evidence of DNA testing for Degenerative Myelopathy and congenital deafness, plus health certificates for hips, elbows, and cardiac health where applicable. Use Kennel Club and other databases to confirm puppy lineage.

Puppy Selection Process

Choose puppies that exhibit confident yet calm temperaments, clear eyes, and healthy coats. Avoid overly shy or overly boisterous pups. Ask for veterinary health checks and early socialisation evidence before purchase.

Contract and Guarantee Review

Read all purchase contracts thoroughly. Look for health guarantees, return policies, and spay/neuter agreements. Red flags include vague guarantees or sellers unwilling to support post-sale issues.

Rescue and Adoption Options

Consider breed-specific rescue organisations when looking to adopt, as find Borzoi for sale opportunities may arise through rescues. Adoption offers a chance to provide a loving home to a Borzoi in need and should be considered alongside purchasing from breeders.