Swedish Lapphund
Pros
Cons
Introduction of the Swedish Lapphund
The Swedish Lapphund stands out as a striking Nordic spitz with a rich heritage as a working dog cherished in Scandinavian countries. Traditionally bred for herding reindeer by the Sami people, this breed exemplifies intelligence, loyalty, and courage. Their compact, sturdy build coupled with a lovable and trainable nature makes them much sought after as a family companion in northern climates today. Despite their ancient origins, Swedish Lapphunds combine both working dog instincts and affectionate temperaments, making them ideal for active owners who appreciate their spirited yet patient demeanour.
Modern Swedish Lapphunds continue to excel as versatile herders, but they have also found roles as search and rescue dogs within the Swedish army and as therapy dogs in the UK. Their sharp alertness and vocal watchfulness add to their utility as excellent watchdogs. Their thick double coat is perfectly adapted to cold environments, shielding them during harsh winters, while their eager-to-please attitude aids training efforts. However, these dogs thrive best where they can be mentally and physically engaged with a family that understands their needs.
The breed is especially suitable for owners familiar with lively, intelligent dogs who can provide consistent training and moderate to high daily exercise levels. They flourish in homes offering secure garden spaces but can adapt well to apartment living if their energy is properly channeled. Patience and early socialisation are important due to their natural protectiveness and potential for separation anxiety if left alone excessively. The blend of ancient working heritage and modern companionship roles places the Swedish Lapphund uniquely among Nordic breeds.
Perfect For
Active families or individuals seeking a loyal, affectionate dog with strong working instincts. Owners with an interest in training, canine sports, or outdoor activities will find the Lapphund rewarding. Ideal for those who enjoy daily exercise routines and socialisation with other dogs and people. Also suitable for first-time dog owners prepared to commit to early training and engagement.
Key Considerations
Requires regular mental and physical stimulation to prevent boredom and destructive behaviour. Can develop separation anxiety if left alone for long periods, so is best suited to households with someone present during the day. Moderate shedding occurs year-round with heavier seasonal changes, requiring consistent grooming. May exhibit vocal tendencies needing gentle control in training.
History of the Swedish Lapphund
Archaeological evidence and skeletal remains suggest that dogs resembling the Swedish Lapphund have existed for around 1,000 years. Known in Sweden as Vastgotaspets, meaning "small spitz of the West Goths," this breed originated from a region in central Sweden and was initially bred as a multipurpose farm dog. Its early roles included herding and driving cattle as well as guarding reindeer herds for the nomadic Sami people, a culture which relied heavily on these versatile working dogs.
During the early 20th century, the Swedish Lapphund's numbers sharply declined, nearly vanishing during the 1940s. Thankfully, dedicated breed enthusiasts revived the population, preserving its distinctive characteristics despite a constrained gene pool. The Swedish Kennel Club officially recognised the breed in 1943. Shortly thereafter, the breed made its way to Britain, imported by Elizabeth Cartledge, introducing the Lapp to UK dog lovers.
Today, Swedish Lapphunds retain their dual roles as family pets and working dogs. They are utilised by the Swedish army as search and rescue dogs and have been trained in the UK for truffle hunting and as Pets As Therapy (PAT) dogs visiting hospitals and schools. The breed enjoys growing popularity in dog shows, impressing judges with its breed standard conformation and spirited gait. Due to limited annual breeding, interested owners often face waiting lists, reflecting the scarcity and exclusive availability of these charming Nordic dogs.
Early Development
The breed was developed primarily as a rugged, multipurpose farm dog with a strong herding drive. Ancestor breeds likely included native northern spitz types adapted to cold climates. Historically, Swedish Lapphunds supported the Sami's nomadic lifestyle, herding semi-domesticated reindeer and protecting livestock from predators. Their thick coat and resilient physique were crucial in enduring harsh Scandinavian winters.
Modern Recognition
The Swedish Kennel Club recognised the breed in 1943 following the efforts of two prominent enthusiasts who rescued the breed from near extinction. Breed clubs, including Nordic spitz breed societies, promote the Lapphund's welfare, health testing, and ethical breeding practices. Imported to the UK by Elizabeth Cartledge, the breed's presence in British canine activities has slowly increased, with a growing number in the show ring. The breed is now registered with The Kennel Club and benefits from modern health and welfare protocols aimed at preserving this Nordic heritage dog.
Appearance of the Swedish Lapphund
Size and Build
The Swedish Lapphund is a medium-sized dog with males standing 45 - 51 cm tall at the withers and females slightly smaller at 45 - 48 cm. Both genders weigh between 19 - 21 kg. The breed exhibits a rectangular silhouette, where the body is noticeably longer than it is tall. Musculature is well-developed, with strong back and hindquarters supporting a lively, agile gait suitable for herding and endurance. The chest is deep, extending down to the elbows, and the shoulders are well laid-back, supported by straight forelegs. Their feet are oval, compact, and tough with firm black pads, typical of spitz breeds adapted to harsh terrain.
Coat and Colours
Swedish Lapphunds possess a dense, weather-resistant double coat that stands off the body to provide insulation against Scandinavian winters. The coat is longer on the body, tail, thighs, and brisket with a ruff framing the neck, yet noticeably shorter on the head and front legs. Their undercoat is soft, dense, and finely curled. The Kennel Club accepts three main colours for pedigree registration: bear (brown-black), black, and brown. Solid colours are preferred, though some white markings may appear on the chest, feet, or tail tip. Excessive white markings are considered faults. Seasonal shedding peaks in spring and autumn, aligning with coat renewal cycles.
Distinctive Features
The breed's head is wedge-shaped, slightly longer than broad, with a prominent occiput and well-defined stop. The muzzle is sturdy and approximately one-third the length of the head, with solid black noses and straight nasal bridges. Eyes are round, expressive, and dark brown with well-pigmented rims, conveying keen alertness. Ears are erect, short, pointed, and highly mobile, broader and gently rounded at the base, complementing the dog's listening acuity. The tail is set high and long, covered with dense bushy hair, carried curled over the back when in motion and relaxed when resting.
Gender Differences
Males tend to be slightly taller and more robust, exhibiting a more pronounced muscular frame. Females are somewhat smaller, maintaining the breed's graceful agility while being equally capable workers. Temperamentally, males and females share similar intelligence and affectionate qualities, though individual variances exist more than gender differences.
Temperament of the Swedish Lapphund
The Swedish Lapphund is celebrated for a blend of intelligence, patience, and liveliness. They are quick-witted and form exceptionally strong familial bonds, often seeking to be involved in all household activities. Their alertness naturally makes them excellent watchdogs, though they rarely show aggression, opting instead to alert through vocalisation when strangers approach. They have a protective streak, particularly around their family and property, which stems from their herding and guarding heritage.
Socially, Lapphunds are generally good with other dogs and familiar small pets, but their high prey drive means care is needed with cats and small animals, especially outdoors. Early and consistent socialisation is paramount to raising a confident, well-adjusted dog comfortable around new people, animals, and environments.
Due to their intelligence and energy levels, Swedish Lapphunds need regular mental and physical exercise to prevent boredom and behaviours associated with it, such as destructive chewing or excessive barking. Their vocal tendencies should be managed through patient training, as some individuals may be prone to barking more than others. They do not thrive when left alone for prolonged periods and may develop separation anxiety resulting in distress behaviours.
These dogs excel in families where owners remain at home or have flexible schedules, providing consistent companionship and engagement. Their playful, affectionate nature makes them good with children, though play can be boisterous. A clear leadership structure is crucial, as Lapphunds can assert dominance if unsure of their place within the family hierarchy.
Intelligence / Trainability of the Swedish Lapphund
Known for their intelligence and eagerness to learn, Swedish Lapphunds are highly trainable, though their quick wit means they can adopt bad habits as quickly as good ones. Early training is essential, beginning as soon as the puppy settles into its new home. Consistency, patience, and fairness in training help establish clear boundaries and a balanced relationship between dog and owner.
Puppy Training Priorities
During the crucial first six months, socialisation must be a priority. Exposing the puppy to varied environments, noises, people, and other animals lays a foundation for confident, outgoing behaviour. Basic obedience commands such as come, sit, stay, heel, quiet, leave it, down, and bed should be introduced early, using gentle positive reinforcement methods.Training Methods That Work
Swedish Lapphunds respond best to training involving praise, play, and high-value treats as rewards. They dislike harsh correction or punishment, which can damage trust and negatively impact behaviour. Short, engaging sessions that combine mental stimulation with physical activity maintain attention and prevent boredom. Early introduction to commands that control barking and impulse control is strongly advised.Advanced Training Potential
The breed excels in canine sports such as agility, obedience trials, flyball, canicross, and heelwork to music, providing outlets for their intelligence and energy. Continued training and challenges throughout a dog's life maintain mental sharpness and behavioural balance.Common Training Mistakes
Owners should avoid inconsistency, lengthy repetitive sessions, or overly harsh disciplinary tactics, which can lead to confusion or resistance. Allowing the dog to assume dominance by not firmly establishing leadership can result in behavioural challenges.Children and other
Swedish Lapphunds are generally excellent with children, prized for their gentle and placid nature. When well socialised, they easily accommodate toddlers, young children, and teenagers, showing patience and tolerance. However, due to their playful energy and occasional boisterousness during play, adult supervision is essential to prevent accidental knocks or injuries during interactions, especially with young children and puppies.
For toddlers, it is important to teach gentle handling and respect for the dog's space to foster safe and positive contact. Older children and teenagers often form strong bonds with their Lapphund, enjoying activities and games that engage the dog mentally and physically.
Although generally sociable with other dogs and familiar cats, the Lapp’s high prey drive means it may chase unfamiliar cats or small animals encountered outdoors. Families with smaller pets should exercise caution and implement management strategies to ensure all pets co-exist safely.
Creating a safe environment includes supervising interactions, providing the dog with a quiet retreat space when necessary, and educating children about canine body language and boundaries. This approach reduces risks of stress or accidental aggressive responses.
Health of the Swedish Lapphund
The Swedish Lapphund generally enjoys robust health with a lifespan averaging 12 to 15 years when well cared for and fed an appropriate diet. However, genetic diversity within the breed remains somewhat limited due to its rarity and small gene pool, necessitating responsible breeding efforts and health monitoring.
Breed-Specific Health Conditions
Reported hereditary health issues include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, progressive retinal atrophy (prcd-PRA), glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe's disease), degenerative myelopathy, hereditary cataracts, and ivermectin sensitivity (MDR1). The breed is also prone to neurological disorders such as cerebellar cortical degeneration, spinal muscular atrophy, and metabolic conditions including diabetes mellitus.Genetic Testing Requirements
Responsible breeders participate in health screening schemes including BVA/KC hip and elbow scoring, annual eye tests under the BVA/KC eye scheme, and DNA testing for conditions like prcd-PRA, GSDII, and degenerative myelopathy through trusted institutions like the Animal Health Trust.Preventive Healthcare Schedule
Vaccination protocols typically commence between 10-12 weeks of age, with follow-up boosters and routine immunisations advised in consultation with a veterinary professional. Neutering and spaying recommendations generally fall between 6 to 12 months, balancing maturity and health benefits. Regular check-ups, dental care, and weight management are critical to maintaining wellbeing.Insurance Considerations
Insurance premiums can vary based on location, dog's age, and coverage type. Common claims for the breed tend to relate to hereditary conditions such as hip dysplasia and eye diseases. Obtaining comprehensive cover that includes wellness visits and hereditary condition care is advisable for Swedish Lapphund owners.Caring for the Swedish Lapphund
Regular grooming is essential to maintain the Swedish Lapphund’s weather-resistant double coat and healthy skin, requiring brushing several times weekly and more frequent care during shedding seasons. Combined with their need for daily exercise, proper diet, and consistent veterinary attention, these dogs thrive when their routine supports both physical and mental health.
Daily Care Routine
A typical day involves a brisk morning walk followed by quieter indoor mental stimulation activities. Afternoons are suited for longer, more varied walks or outdoor play in a securely fenced garden to allow natural roaming. Evening sessions can include light training or interactive games to wind down. Mealtimes should align with feeding guidelines for growth and maintenance.Living Environment Needs
Swedish Lapphunds adapt well to both urban and rural settings, provided their exercise and stimulation needs are met. Homes with secure gardens facilitate their active nature, but apartments can be accommodated with sufficient daily walks and engagement. Owners must puppy-proof living spaces to avoid injuries during early energetic phases.Seasonal Care Adjustments
In summer, owners should monitor for overheating and provide ample water and shade. In winter, the breed’s thick coat protects well, but it is important to check paws for ice balls or debris after outdoor activities. Regular coat audits during seasonal shedding help maintain skin health.Senior Care Adaptations
As Swedish Lapphunds age, dietary adjustments to lower fat and calories, gentle daily walks to maintain muscle tone, and comfortable bedding for joint support become priorities. Vet visits should address age-related changes in vision, hearing, and possible arthritic conditions, using mobility aids or supplements as advised.Grooming of the Swedish Lapphund
Though the Swedish Lapphund possesses a dense double coat that stands away from the body, its short close-lying areas on the head and legs make it relatively low maintenance compared to some breeds. Regular grooming sessions few times a week help manage their steady year-round shedding, which intensifies during spring and autumn seasons requiring more diligent brushing to remove dead hair and prevent matting.
Checking ears regularly is crucial to avoid wax buildup, which could lead to infections if neglected. Owners should clean ears gently when necessary, using appropriate canine ear cleansers recommended by vets to maintain ear health. Prevention is the best treatment for ear infections in this breed.
Coat Maintenance Schedule
Weekly brushing sessions of 15-20 minutes are sufficient under normal circumstances, with daily brushing recommended during heavy shedding seasons. Occasional bathing, generally every few months or as needed, keeps the coat clean without stripping natural oils.
Professional Grooming Requirements
Swedish Lapphunds rarely require professional grooming unless for show preparation or if the coat becomes excessively matted. Costs are typically low compared to high-maintenance breeds.
Home Grooming Techniques
Effective grooming tools for home care include a slicker brush, grooming gloves, and a comb for the denser undercoat. Gentle handling during brushing helps reduce any resistance. Nail clipping and dental care are essential parts of grooming routines to maintain overall health.
Common Grooming Challenges
Owners occasionally need to manage areas prone to matting, especially behind the ears and on the tail plume. Skin health should be monitored, watching for dry patches or irritation that may require veterinary attention. Seasonal shedding requires increased grooming effort to keep home environments tidy.
Exercise of the Swedish Lapphund
The Swedish Lapphund is a high-energy, intelligent breed demanding a minimum of two hours of daily exercise supplemented by mental stimulation to stay content and well-balanced. Their heritage as herding dogs means they benefit significantly from varied, engaging activities that allow them to use their natural instincts positively.
Daily Exercise Requirements
A typical regimen includes a shorter walk in the morning, ideally a brisk 30 to 40 minutes, followed by a longer, more engaging walk or play session in the afternoon, lasting 60 to 90 minutes or more. Providing safe off-lead opportunities in securely fenced areas enables roaming and burning off energy.Suitable Activities
The breed excels in canine sports such as agility, obedience, flyball, canicross, and herding trials. Puzzle toys and training games offer mental enrichment, while interactive play helps channel their playful nature. Swimming and water-related play are also often enjoyed, especially during warmer months.Exercise Restrictions
Puppies should have carefully moderated exercise to protect developing bones and joints, avoiding excessive jumping or stair climbing. Older dogs may require shorter, gentler walks. Weather extremes, such as hot summer days or icy winter conditions, necessitate adjustments in activity levels and monitoring.Mental Stimulation Ideas
Enrichment activities like scent work, problem-solving games, and introducing novel environments keep the Swedish Lapphund mentally sharp and curb potential boredom-related behaviours. Owners can structure weekly exercise schedules integrating physical and mental tasks to maintain optimal wellbeing.Feeding of the Swedish Lapphund
Feeding a Swedish Lapphund appropriately throughout its life stages is crucial to maintaining its health and energy levels. Puppies benefit from a carefully managed diet promoting steady growth without excessive weight gain, while adults require balanced nutrition supporting their active lifestyle.
Nutritional Requirements
A high-quality complete diet with adequate protein (around 20-25%) and moderate fat content (10-15%) supports muscle maintenance and energy needs. Caloric intake should align with activity levels and life stages, with adult dogs typically consuming between 200-310 grams of food daily depending on weight and exercise.Feeding Schedule Guidelines
Puppies are best fed three to four smaller meals daily, gradually transitioning to two meals a day as adults. Consistency in feeding times helps digestive health and routine. Treats should be used sparingly to avoid obesity risk, especially given the breed's propensity to gain weight if not adequately exercised.Special Dietary Considerations
Swedish Lapphunds may benefit from supplements supporting joint health, such as glucosamine and omega fatty acids, particularly as they age. Any dietary changes should be introduced gradually to prevent gastrointestinal upset. Owners should be vigilant for signs of food sensitivities or allergies and consult a vet as needed.Weight Management
Maintaining an ideal body condition score is essential to prevent health issues linked to obesity, including strain on joints, heart problems, and reduced lifespan. Regular monitoring of weight and waistline, combined with appropriate exercise, helps ensure a healthy equilibrium.Swedish Lapphund price
Prospective owners seeking a Swedish Lapphund should anticipate joining waiting lists with reputable breeders due to the breed's rarity and limited annual litters. Based on the latest data, well-bred, Kennel Club registered Swedish Lapphund puppies typically cost between £800 and £1,500, depending on breeder type and pedigree quality.
Initial setup costs include essential equipment such as high-quality crates, bedding, grooming tools, bowls, and leads, often amounting to around £200 to £400.
Ongoing monthly expenses typically range from £60 to £120, covering premium dog food, regular grooming supplies, and routine veterinary care including vaccinations and health checks. Insurance costs vary, with basic policies averaging about £30 per month and comprehensive lifetime coverage reaching approximately £85 monthly.
Considering a dog's lifetime expenses, budget for food, insurance, veterinary services, grooming, equipment replacement, and unexpected health costs, which cumulatively amount to several thousand pounds over many years.
For those interested, you can find Swedish Lapphund for sale on Pets4Homes to start your search for a reputable breeder or available pup.
Buying advice
Finding a reputable Swedish Lapphund breeder in the UK requires diligence due to the breed's rarity and limited availability. Interested buyers should be prepared to ask detailed questions and verify health testing documentation for genetic conditions such as hip dysplasia, prcd-PRA, and glycogen storage disease. It is imperative never to buy a puppy unseen or to pay deposits without confirming the seller's legitimacy in person.
Finding Ethical Breeders
Look for breeders registered with The Kennel Club who adhere to breeding limits and welfare standards, including limiting the number of litters per dam and ensuring dogs are bred at appropriate ages. Responsible breeders will be transparent, allow home visits, and provide comprehensive health and pedigree records.Health Testing Verification
Request to see official certificates from BVA/KC hip and elbow scoring, eye testing, and DNA screenings for hereditary diseases. Verified paperwork provides reassurance of puppy health and breeder responsibility.Puppy Selection Process
Observe the litter and individual pups for stable temperament, curiosity, and social skills. A good breeder also provides support and guidance post-purchase to ensure successful integration into the new home.Contract and Guarantee Review
Ensure any purchase agreement includes health guarantees, return policies, and spay/neuter contracts as applicable. Watch for red flags such as evasiveness, poor living conditions, or reluctance to provide documentation.Rescue and Adoption Options
Potential owners should consider breed-specific rescues and adoption opportunities, which, although limited, provide well-vetted adult dogs in need of homes.You can find Swedish Lapphund for sale on Pets4Homes to explore available puppies and responsible breeders.
