10 essential things to know before buying a Chow Chow

The Chow Chow is a distinctive, medium-sized dog breed often likened to a teddy bear for its thick, lion-like mane and dense coat. However, beneath this adorable appearance lies a complex temperament and unique care needs that require a knowledgeable and patient owner.

If you are considering bringing a Chow Chow puppy into your home, it’s essential to understand the breed fully. Here are ten crucial things to know before making this important decision.

1. The Chow Chow is an ancient basal breed with unique features

As one of the oldest dog breeds still around, Chow Chows retain many original traits seen in early dogs of this species. A basal breed, the Chow Chow's lineage is considered foundational in the canine family tree. They stand about 17 to 20 inches (43-51 cm) tall and weigh 45 to 70 lbs (20-32 kg). Their thick double coat can be rough or smooth and comes in colours like cream, red, black, blue, or cinnamon. Most notable is their distinctive blue-black tongue, a rare trait among dogs. Their broad skull, small triangular ears, and curled tail contribute to their regal and lion-like appearance.

2. Their temperament requires an experienced owner

Chow Chows are confident, independent, and strong-willed dogs. While they are loyal and affectionate with their family, they tend to be aloof and suspicious of strangers. This breed makes an excellent watchdog due to its quiet and reserved nature but can also become aggressive if not properly socialised and trained. Owners must set clear boundaries and provide consistent leadership to keep their Chow well-mannered. This breed is generally not suited for families with young children due to their protective and sometimes dominant instincts.

3. Training demands patience and consistency

Training a Chow Chow can be challenging due to their stubbornness and independent attitude. Start training early, ideally when the puppy is around 7-8 weeks old. Socialisation is crucial—expose your puppy to various people, settings, and other animals to prevent territorial and aggressive behaviours. Use positive reinforcement techniques like treats and praise to motivate. Keep sessions short (5-10 minutes) and frequent to maintain their interest. A confident handler who provides clear, consistent rules will have the best success in training this breed.

4. Exercise requirements are moderate, not excessive

Chow Chows have a lower energy level than many breeds and prefer gentle strolls to vigorous exercise. Daily walks of around 30 to 45 minutes are usually enough to keep them happy and healthy. Their thick coats and brachycephalic (short-muzzled) faces mean they are sensitive to heat and should not overexert themselves, especially during hot weather. Regular activity helps prevent obesity, a common issue that can worsen joint health in this breed.

5. Grooming is a significant commitment

The Chow Chow’s dense double coat requires careful and regular maintenance. Ideally, brush your Chow every day to prevent mats and tangles and remove debris like leaves and dirt. They shed heavily twice a year during spring and autumn, requiring more frequent grooming. Monthly baths, thorough drying to avoid dampness, and regular trimming (but avoid styles like lion or teddy bear cuts) help maintain coat health. Don't forget regular nail clipping, ear cleaning, and daily dental care to keep your dog comfortable and healthy.

6. They are heat sensitive and need careful environment management

Due to their thick fur and flat faces, Chow Chows are prone to overheating. In warm weather, make sure they always have access to shade and fresh water. Avoid walking them during the hottest parts of the day and monitor them for signs of heat stress. Cooler climates or well-ventilated indoor spaces are ideal for this breed’s wellbeing.

7. Common health issues require proactive veterinary care

The average lifespan of a Chow Chow is 9 to 12 years, but they can be prone to several hereditary health problems, including hip and elbow dysplasia, entropion (eyelid condition causing eye irritation), hypothyroidism, skin allergies, and patellar luxation (knee joint disorder). They also risk bloat, a dangerous stomach condition, if fed large meals or exercised too soon after eating. Early health screening, responsible breeding practices, weight management, and regular vet check-ups are essential to minimise these risks and ensure a healthy life for your dog.

8. Social behaviour requires supervision

Chow Chows are deeply loyal to their caregivers but suspicious of unfamiliar people. They may show overprotective behaviour and sometimes aggression if not managed correctly. This breed is best suited to owners who can provide ongoing supervision and consistent boundaries. While they might live harmoniously with older children that understand their signals, young children or frequent visitors can cause challenges. Early socialisation and ongoing training are crucial for safe interactions with strangers.

9. Responsible ownership is key for this unique breed

Owning a Chow Chow is a rewarding experience for an owner ready to dedicate time to grooming, exercise, training, and health care. They are not a breed to acquire on a whim, given their complex needs and potential for dominant behaviour. Meeting experienced owners, getting to know several dogs of the breed, and choosing reputable breeders who perform health tests are vital steps before bringing a Chow Chow home.

10. Commitment to care, patience, and education is essential

The Chow Chow’s loyalty and unique appearance make them highly desirable, but their success as a family member depends heavily on the owner’s dedication. Patience in training, consistent routine, and understanding their special requirements help this ancient breed thrive in modern homes. Learning more about the breed’s specific needs and being prepared for their challenges ensures a happy and healthy relationship for many years.

For those wishing to find a Chow Chow puppy, choosing a responsible breeder who prioritises health and temperament testing is imperative. This ensures you welcome a well-socialised, healthy companion rather than contribute to irresponsible breeding practices.

In summary, the Chow Chow is a dignified, ancient breed requiring committed, patient ownership. Understanding their temperament, grooming needs, health considerations, and training challenges before purchase ensures a successful and loving lifelong partnership.