All About Puppy Health: Essential Checks & Vitamins

Getting a new puppy is an exciting milestone for any household, but it can also bring moments of anxiety—especially for first-time owners. Maintaining your puppy's health is vital, yet it is often difficult to tell if they are truly unwell or simply adjusting to their new environment.

Before rushing to the puppies specialist, there are several physical signs you can monitor regularly at home to ensure your new companion is healthy and thriving:

• Eyes: Should be bright, clear, and free from discharge. Dullness or discharge may signal infection or allergies requiring veterinary attention.
• Nose: Normally cool, moist, and shiny without discharge. A dry, cracked nose or discharge can indicate illness needing prompt veterinary evaluation.
• Breath and breathing: Breath should smell fresh and respiration even. Foul odours or laboured breathing warrant a vet check immediately.
• Gums: Healthy gums are pink and spring back quickly when gently pressed. Pale or excessively dark gums can reveal underlying health issues and should be checked by your vet without delay.
• Teeth: Bright white and clean teeth indicate good health. If you note plaque build-up or damage, consult your vet about suitable diets and dental care products like safe chews.
• Ears: Ears should smell clean and fresh. Dark, greasy debris can signal ear mites or infection, which require professional treatment. Avoid cleaning ears with cotton buds to prevent injury.
• Coat: A shiny, vibrant coat is a sign of good nutrition and health. A dull or lifeless coat may mean dietary deficiencies or illness needing vet assessment.
• Skin: Should be supple, smooth, and clean. The skin should snap back immediately after being gently pinched. Persistent tenting is a sign of dehydration requiring veterinary attention.
• Paws: Check for tears, sores, swelling, or redness on pads and claws. These can become infected if untreated, so vet advice is necessary if you observe any abnormalities.

Performing these checks weekly builds a strong bond and accustoms your puppy to handling, which is invaluable if veterinary care or grooming becomes necessary.

Does Your Puppy Need Vitamin Supplements?

Only administer vitamin supplements under your vet's guidance, as excessive supplementation can harm your puppy’s development. Here is a basic overview to understand their role:

• Processing nutrients and growth: Vitamins help your puppy absorb and utilise nutrients effectively, supporting repair and healthy growth.
• Types of vitamins your puppy needs: Puppies require water-soluble vitamins such as B-complex and fat-soluble vitamins including A, D, E, and K.

Water-soluble vitamins aid bone and connective tissue development but are quickly flushed from the body, requiring regular dietary replenishment. Vitamin C is typically produced naturally and should not be supplemented unless specifically directed by your vet.

Fat-soluble vitamins, absorbed through the intestines, are stored in body fat. Excess can cause health problems and physical abnormalities, so supplementation is not recommended unless prescribed. A balanced, vet-approved puppy diet usually supplies adequate vitamins without additional supplements.

When to See the Vet: Key Puppy Health Concerns

Vigilance for signs of common illnesses and timely veterinary intervention are essential. Watch for these symptoms and consult your vet if observed:

• Lethargy, vomiting, or diarrhoea indicating potential infections like parvovirus or distemper
• Persistent coughing or nasal discharge caused by kennel cough
• Unusual swelling, limping, or pain
• Sudden behavioural changes or difficulty breathing

Regular health checks, vaccinations, and parasite treatments prescribed by your vet are the foundation of responsible puppy care. Early intervention means better outcomes and a happier pup.

Building a Healthy Foundation for Your Puppy’s Future

By performing routine health checks, providing balanced nutrition, and maintaining veterinary schedules, you set your puppy on the path to a long, joyful life. Approach puppy health with care, patience, and knowledge to ensure your furry friend thrives in your family.