An Introduction to Giant Millipedes: Care & Safety Guide

Giant millipedes are fascinating invertebrates, distinguished by their segmented bodies with two pairs of legs on most segments. Despite the Latin derivation of their name meaning "thousand feet," these creatures typically have fewer, ranging from 36 to over 400 legs, with some rare species boasting up to 750 legs. The giant African millipede is the largest in length among millipedes, reaching almost 40cm and sporting about 256 legs, much bigger than the average UK native millipedes.

Several giant millipede species are popular as exotic pets, including the giant African millipede and the Ghana chocolate millipede, each differing subtly in colour and characteristics while sharing similar care requirements.

This comprehensive guide offers insight into giant millipede biology, behaviour, and essential care, making it ideal for first-time keepers and curious enthusiasts alike.

Understanding Giant Millipedes

Millipedes thrive in humid, dark environments such as under logs or leaf litter where they feed on decaying vegetation, contributing importantly to ecosystem nutrient cycling. Their eyesight is poor, and they avoid bright light.

Millipedes move with a distinctive coordinated wave-like motion across their legs, creating a smooth gliding movement that fascinates many observers.

Are Giant Millipedes Safe to Handle?

Generally docile, giant millipedes do not bite but can release a defensive secretion from body pores that may irritate skin or mucous membranes. The chemical potency varies by species, so researching specific pet species is crucial. Never handle a millipede that has curled into a defensive ball, as this is when it is most likely to secrete irritants.

Always supervise children when handling millipedes and teach gentle, safe handling techniques to prevent distress to the pet.

How to Handle Giant Millipedes Safely

Allow your millipede to crawl onto your hand instead of grabbing them. Avoid prodding or lifting them while they are rolled up. These handling practices respect their natural behaviours and reduce stress-induced chemical defence.

Housing and Habitat Needs of Giant Millipedes

Suitable enclosures for giant millipedes should have a large footprint, ideally at least one and a half times the length of the millipede. They prefer a moist, humid atmosphere with damp compost substrate several inches deep to burrow and maintain hydration.

Tanks don’t need to be tall since millipedes are ground dwellers but must have secure lids to prevent escape. Adding safe live plants that thrive in similar humidity adds enrichment and visual interest.

Feeding Giant Millipedes Properly

Giant millipedes consume decaying plant matter, not fresh food. Offer very ripe fruit and vegetables to allow natural decay before feeding. Calcium supplementation is important to support their exoskeleton health; use a commercial calcium powder lightly dusted on their food.

Maintaining Ideal Temperature

Originating from warmer climates, giant millipedes benefit from temperatures of approximately 18-23°C. A heating mat under the substrate, monitored using a thermostat and thermometer, creates a stable environment without overheating.

Where to Find Giant Millipedes for Sale

As less common pets, giant millipedes might not be readily found in typical pet shops. Specialist breeders or exotic pet retailers are good sources. You can browse the Invertebrates section on Pets4Homes for millipedes for sale. Always choose reputable sources committed to ethical breeding and proper care standards.