Aural haematomas in dogs: Causes, symptoms & treatments
Seeing an aural haematoma on your dog can be frightening, especially when it appears suddenly and without obvious cause. An aural haematoma is a collection of blood beneath the skin of the dog's ear flap, causing a soft, sometimes large swelling. Dogs with long, droopy ears and those prone to ear infections or mites are more likely to develop this condition. However, it’s essential for every dog owner to understand what an aural haematoma is, why it happens, and how it can be treated effectively.
What is an aural haematoma?
An aural haematoma is a blood-filled swelling that develops between the skin and cartilage of the ear flap (pinna). It usually appears quickly, sometimes within hours, as a soft, warm, and drooping swelling on one ear. This occurs when the delicate blood vessels within the ear flap rupture due to trauma or irritation, and blood pools beneath the skin without breaking the surface.
What causes aural haematomas in dogs?
Aural haematomas typically result from trauma to the ear or underlying ear conditions. Dogs with long, floppy ears are at higher risk because the ear flaps are more exposed and prone to damage. Ear infections, mites, or skin allergies can cause itching and discomfort, leading dogs to scratch or shake their heads vigorously. This repeated irritation can damage blood vessels within the ear flap leading to haematoma formation. Even minor knocks or rough play may cause trauma that results in a haematoma.
How to recognise an aural haematoma
The signs of an aural haematoma are generally obvious. A swelling develops on the ear flap, which might range from the size of a pea to larger than the ear itself. The swollen area often feels soft and warm, although sometimes it might be firmer. Dogs may show signs of discomfort, such as shaking their head frequently or rubbing their ears. Your vet can confirm the diagnosis by examining the swelling, and might use a needle to withdraw fluid to check that it is blood rather than infection-related pus.
Effective treatment options for aural haematomas in dogs in the UK (2025)
Treatment aims to relieve pain, remove the swelling, and prevent recurrence while maintaining the appearance of the ear. Here's how aural haematomas are managed today:
- Needle drainage combined with corticosteroid injection: Often the first approach, this minimally invasive treatment involves drawing out the pooled blood with a needle and injecting steroids locally to reduce inflammation and prevent recurrence. It provides good cosmetic results and relief from pain.
- Surgical treatment: Surgery is commonly chosen for larger or recurrent haematomas. It involves making an incision in the ear flap to remove the accumulated blood and placing sutures or drainage tubes to prevent new blood pooling. Techniques may include linear or S-shaped incisions with sutures or stents to support healing. Bandaging the ear and using a buster collar to prevent scratching are also important during recovery.
- Conservative management: Very small, painless haematomas may occasionally resolve on their own, but this is rare as most cause discomfort and pose a risk of ear flap scarring.
Proper diagnosis and treatment of any underlying ear infections or allergies is essential to prevent recurrence. Pain relief and aftercare significantly improve your dog’s comfort during healing.
What you should never do
It’s important that owners never try to drain or treat an aural haematoma at home. Incorrect handling can worsen the problem or lead to infection. Always seek professional veterinary advice promptly if you notice swelling on your dog’s ear.
Looking after your dog after treatment
Your vet will provide advice on care during recovery, which often includes:
- Applying prescribed medications to the ear
- Using an Elizabethan collar (buster collar) to prevent scratching
- Monitoring healing and reporting any concerns
- Treating underlying ear conditions to reduce the chance of recurrence
Summary and next steps
Aural haematomas in dogs, while distressing to see, are manageable with prompt and proper veterinary care. Understanding causes, recognising symptoms early, and following veterinary treatment plans leads to the best outcomes, including pain relief and preserving the ear’s natural shape. If your dog shows signs of head shaking, ear scratching, or developing swelling on the ear flap, book a vet appointment to discuss diagnosis and treatment options tailored for your pet’s comfort and health.
Responsible pet ownership means staying informed and always prioritising your dog’s well-being through veterinary support and ongoing care.
