Can cats recognise their own names? Science says yes

Dogs have owners and cats have staff, as the old saying goes, and it is certainly true that cats and dogs differ greatly in personality and their ways of communicating with humans.

Most dog owners know dogs can learn and recognise their names, often responding by coming when called. But could cats also recognise their own names? Until recently, this was unclear.

Scientific research into cats recognising names

Researchers at Sophia University in Japan conducted studies to see if cats could distinguish their names from other words. The study involved owned cats and those living in busy cat cafés, all with commonly used names.

Cats were played recordings of four unrelated words followed by their own names, all spoken in the same tone. Reactions were observed using a four-point scale assessing physical responses such as ear and head movement.

Most cats showed little reaction to the neutral words, often just slight head twitches, but displayed more noticeable responses when hearing their own names—such as pricking up ears or turning their heads. This demonstrated cats do recognise their name as distinct from other words and sounds.

The study also found cats in homes with single owners responded more clearly to their names than cats living in multi-cat environments like cafés, where individual name recognition was less reliable.

What does this mean for cat owners?

While cats can recognise their names, they often respond only when motivated—such as expecting food, attention, or a familiar action. Unlike dogs, cats are less motivated by obedience and more by their own choice, which explains why they might ignore their name at times.

Dr John Bradshaw from the University of Bristol advises interpreting these findings with caution. Cats likely respond to the sound patterns of their names rather than truly understanding their names as a form of identity. Responses are generally subtle and context-dependent.

Owners who consistently associate their cat’s name with positive experiences, such as feeding or affectionate play, may encourage better attention and response.

How to test if your cat recognises its name

You can perform a simple test at home: say four neutral words with similar sound patterns to your cat’s name, then say your cat’s name clearly. Observe if your cat reacts more to its name—ear twitching, head turning, or looking towards you are good signs of recognition.

This helps strengthen your bond and improves communication, especially for vet visits or calling your cat indoors safely.

Summary

Scientific studies in 2025 confirm that cats can recognise their own names through distinct sound patterns, though they respond on their own terms rather than out of obedience. Consistent, positive use of their name can increase your cat’s responsiveness and enhance your relationship.

Remember, every cat is unique in how and when they respond, reflecting their independent nature and preferences.