Dog fur varies widely in colour, pattern, length, and texture, each reflecting the breed's origin and traditional roles. Dogs adapted to cold climates often have thick, dense coats, while those from warmer regions tend to have shorter, finer fur. However, beyond length and texture, some breeds have coats that are naturally oilier, evolved to suit their working environment and provide advantages like water repellence and insulation.
This guide covers why certain dogs have oily coats, highlights breeds commonly affected, and offers updated 2025 UK veterinary advice for caring for these special coats responsibly and effectively.
The presence of oil on a dog's coat is usually due to sebaceous gland activity, which varies with breed genetics and serves important functions. Naturally oily coats protect the skin, provide insulation, and repel water, especially in breeds evolved for swimming or outdoor work in harsh conditions.
Conversely, excessive oiliness in breeds not prone to oily coats may signal health issues such as hormonal imbalances, allergies, parasites, or frequent harsh bathing that disrupts the skin's natural balance. Early veterinary evaluation is crucial if you suspect abnormal oiliness or related skin problems.
Many water-retrieving and scent hounds have oily coats. For instance, the Newfoundland dog is a classic example with a dense, oily coat and webbed feet, ideal for water work. Similarly, the Labrador Retriever has a water-repellent coat suited to swimming and retrieving tasks.
Scent hounds like the Bloodhound and Basset Hound also have oilier coats, which despite short hair, can feel slightly greasy to the touch — a natural trait and not a sign of uncleanliness.
If your dog’s coat suddenly becomes excessively oily or greasy, or if you notice skin irritation, itchiness, or bald patches, it’s important to seek veterinary assessment. Often, these symptoms may indicate health issues such as allergies, parasites, or hormonal imbalances, which require appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
Caring for dogs with naturally oily coats requires a thoughtful approach centred on diet, grooming, and veterinary guidance. Recognising that the oily texture is a natural, breed-specific trait helps prevent unnecessary over-bathing or harsh treatments that could damage the coat. By following the 2025 UK best practices above, you can help your oily-coated dog maintain a healthy, lustrous coat and comfortable skin throughout all seasons.