Cats and Vomiting: Common Causes and When to See a Vet

It’s not unusual for even healthy cats to vomit occasionally, and surprisingly, this behaviour isn't always a sign of illness. Vomiting can sometimes be a natural way cats regulate their own wellbeing. Knowing when your cat’s vomiting is harmless and when it signals a problem is crucial for their health.

This article explores eight common causes of vomiting in cats, explaining why they happen and offering guidance on what steps to take. You’ll gain insight into managing mild causes at home and recognising symptoms that need professional care.

1. Digestive Upsets

Mild digestive upsets or stomach bugs are a frequent cause of vomiting in cats. These bouts may include diarrhoea and lethargy, often resolving within a day or two without veterinary treatment. If vomiting is persistent beyond 48 hours, very frequent, or accompanied by dehydration, weight loss, or other worrying symptoms, a vet visit is essential.

2. Food Sensitivities and Poor Diet

Cats with sensitive digestive systems may vomit due to diets that are too rich, contain artificial additives, or lack quality nutrition. Switching to a bland or specialised hypoallergenic diet can help. Veterinary diets designed for sensitive stomachs provide balanced nutrition while reducing vomiting episodes.

3. Ingesting Inappropriate Items

Occasionally, cats eat things they shouldn’t, such as plants, small objects, or prey, leading to quick vomiting of the offending material. This natural expulsion helps them feel better, but continuous access to harmful items should be prevented to avoid health risks.

4. Intestinal Worms

Regular worming, guided by your vet, is vital to prevent worms that can cause vomiting, digestive upset, and poor condition. Visible worms in vomit or stools require prompt veterinary treatment with appropriate wormers to keep your cat healthy.

5. Poisoning Risks

Though rare, poisoning is a serious cause of vomiting. Cats are at risk from household toxins such as rodenticides, antifreeze, and plants like lilies. This is a veterinary emergency. If poisoning is suspected, seek immediate treatment, taking along any suspicious substances to help the vet diagnose and treat effectively.

Signs demanding urgent care include bloody vomit, foaming at the mouth, pain, breathing difficulties, or stiff limbs. Never delay seeking veterinary help if these appear.

6. Hairballs

Hairballs resulting from grooming are common in many cats, especially longhaired breeds. They are typically coughed or vomited up as visible clumps of hair. Frequent hairball vomiting may lead to digestive blockages, so regular brushing and grooming help reduce hair ingestion and hairball formation.

7. Eating Grass

Eating grass is normal cat behaviour and often results in vomiting shortly after. Grass can help bind hairballs and aid their expulsion. Providing safe access to grass, including indoor grass trays, satisfies this natural urge without exposing your cat to harmful plants or chemicals.

8. Vomiting as Symptom of Illness

Vomiting can indicate underlying diseases such as kidney disease, diabetes, or hyperthyroidism. It may also accompany infections or other serious conditions. Monitoring your cat’s usual behaviour and health helps you spot changes early. Always consult your vet if vomiting is persistent, severe, or accompanied by other symptoms like weight loss, appetite changes, or lethargy.

When to Consult Your Vet

If vomiting continues past two days, occurs frequently, or occurs with other concerning signs such as diarrhoea, dehydration, or blood in vomit, it’s important to seek veterinary guidance. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing serious health risks.

Remember, responsible cat ownership includes proper diet, regular worming, safe environment, and observation of your cat’s wellbeing. This approach helps you manage common issues like vomiting effectively and know when expert help is necessary.

For more information about household poisons dangerous to cats, you can visit this guide.