Cerebellar Cortical Abiotrophy in Cats: Causes, Symptoms & Care

Cerebellar cortical abiotrophy (CAA) is a rare but serious neurological disorder that can affect cats, leading to progressive loss of coordination. While it predominantly affects some breeds more than others, the exact cause remains unclear, reflecting the need for ongoing research to better understand why certain cats develop this condition.

Understanding the Causes of Cerebellar Cortical Abiotrophy in Cats

CAA starts when the cerebellum's Purkinje cells, vital neurons that help cats maintain their balance and coordinate movements, begin to degenerate. Without these cells, affected cats struggle to judge distances and spaces, resulting in poor motor coordination and balance difficulties.

Breeds Most at Risk of Developing CAA

Despite its rarity, some cat breeds appear more predisposed to this degenerative condition. These include:

• Persian
• Siamese
• Domestic shorthair, including crossbreeds

The Genetic Link Behind CAA

Research suggests CAA may be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Kittens typically begin showing symptoms around seven weeks, including difficulty standing or drinking due to balance loss. As the disease progresses, symptoms worsen over time. Occasionally, cats affected by feline hereditary neuroaxonal dystrophy may also exhibit signs of cerebellar abiotrophy.

Recognising Symptoms: What to Watch For

Common signs indicating a cat may have CAA include:

• Mild dysmetric ataxia affecting all four legs
• Tremours
• Unusual eye movements
• Arching of the neck and head (opisthotonus)
• Behavioural changes such as depression or increased hyperactivity
• Stiff, high-stepping gait
• Jerky head movements

How Vets Diagnose Cerebellar Cortical Abiotrophy

Diagnosis can be challenging. Veterinarians rely on a cat's medical history and symptom onset, but a definitive diagnosis often requires post-mortem examination. This highlights the importance of early veterinary consultation when symptoms emerge to rule out other conditions.

Living Compassionately with a Cat Affected by CAA

Fortunately, a cat's intelligence is not impaired by CAA. Many affected cats live full, meaningful lives despite their coordination challenges. To minimise injury risks, keeping such cats indoors is recommended. While there is no cure or prevention for CAA, responsible and selective breeding helps reduce the incidence of the disease.

FAQs

What age do cats typically show signs of cerebellar cortical abiotrophy?

Quick Answer: Most affected kittens show signs around seven weeks of age, but late-onset cases can occur in adult cats.

Detailed Explanation: The typical onset of cerebellar cortical abiotrophy symptoms manifests in young kittens approximately seven weeks old, marked by poor coordination and balance issues. However, very rare cases have documented late-onset symptoms in adult cats, indicating the disease's variable progression and the importance of veterinary awareness across all ages.

Can cerebellar cortical abiotrophy be cured or prevented?

Quick Answer: Currently, there is no cure or known prevention for CAA, but selective breeding practices help reduce risk.

Detailed Explanation: CAA is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder. While no treatments reverse the condition, responsible breeding that avoids passing on genetic traits associated with CAA can lower the chances of affected kittens. Managing the cat's environment and care can enhance their quality of life.