Dachshunds and Disc Disease: Causes, Symptoms & Care
Dachshunds are among the breeds most predisposed to developing intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), which affects the spine and can cause significant discomfort and mobility issues. Other breeds, such as Lhasa Apsos, Shih Tzus, and Pekingese, also have an increased risk of this condition due to their chondrodystrophic dwarfism, which affects their spine health.
The Role of the Intervertebral Disc
Intervertebral discs act as shock absorbers between the bones of a dog's spine. In Dachshunds, their long backs put extra stress on these discs, leading to degeneration. Over time, the discs become harder and less flexible, transforming from a gel-like state to a more cartilage-like and even mineralised bone-like material. This process often starts around one year of age and is generally a natural but unfortunate development in this breed.
Understanding Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dachshunds
The most common form of disc disease in Dachshunds is called an extrusion, where the disc leaks fluid into the spinal canal, causing inflammation and pressure on the spinal cord. Symptoms to watch for include:
- Sudden back pain
- Vocalising in pain when touched or moved
- Hunched back posture
- Loss of appetite
- Lethargy and reduced activity
Because early signs mimic digestive disorders, many owners initially mistake the symptoms for another issue. If left untreated, mobility problems can develop, with dogs appearing "wobbly" on their hind legs, potentially progressing to paralysis.
Living with a Dachshund Diagnosed with Disc Disease
Early diagnosis is crucial for managing IVDD effectively. A vet will confirm the diagnosis and work with you to establish a care plan aiming to keep your dog comfortable and pain-free. While some Dachshunds with IVDD show little ongoing disability and live normal lives after treatment, others may continue to exhibit signs of their spinal condition.
It's heartening that many treated Dachshunds maintain good quality of life, particularly if their "deep pain sensation" remains intact. However, if this sensation is lost, the chance of regaining mobility diminishes, which makes prompt veterinary intervention essential.
Is Surgery Necessary for Dachshunds with Disc Disease?
Surgery is often recommended by vets because it can speed up recovery and more effectively manage pain associated with disc extrusion. Recovery usually takes between two to six weeks. Longer recovery periods are uncommon and may indicate a poorer prognosis. Fortunately, most dogs experience at least some improvement following surgery.
Non-Surgical Treatment Options
If your Dachshund's condition is mild, a non-surgical approach might be possible. This can involve strict rest, medication for pain and inflammation, and physical therapy. Deciding on non-surgical care depends on the dog's exam findings and the vet’s judgement. Surgery can be costly, which also influences some owners' decisions around treatment.
Preventing and Managing Disc Disease Risks
Responsible breeding is key to reducing the incidence of IVDD in Dachshunds. The Kennel Club runs an IVDD Scheme that helps breeders screen for disc calcification using X-rays, which informs breeding choices to minimise hereditary risks. Good lifestyle care, including maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding excessive jumping or strenuous activity, and providing supportive bedding, can help manage risk and protect spinal health.
Key Takeaways for Dachshund Owners
- Dachshunds are genetically predisposed to IVDD due to their unique body shape, which leads to early disc degeneration.
- Early signs of IVDD include sudden back pain, reluctance to move, and changes in behaviour that can mimic digestive issues.
- Prompt veterinary diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve outcomes and preserve mobility.
- Surgery often offers the best chance of recovery but non-surgical care may be suitable for mild cases.
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and weight can reduce the severity and risk of disc problems.
- Responsible breeders participate in the Kennel Club's IVDD scheme to reduce hereditary disc disease.
- Regular monitoring and supportive care can help affected Dachshunds live comfortable, fulfilling lives.
What is Intervertebral Disc Disease?
Quick Answer: Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) in Dachshunds is a degenerative spinal condition where discs between the vertebrae harden and may herniate, causing pain and mobility issues.
Intervertebral discs normally act as shock absorbers, cushioning the spinal vertebrae and allowing them to flex and move. In Dachshunds, the discs often undergo chondroid metaplasia, a process where they transform into cartilage and then mineralise, losing their flexibility. This puts the spinal cord at risk of damage when discs rupture or extrude material into the spinal canal. IVDD is inherited and influenced by multiple genetic factors, and it is common in breeds with long backs and short limbs due to their skeletal structure.[1][3][4]
Veterinarians use imaging such as X-rays and MRI to diagnose IVDD and distinguish it from other neurological or musculoskeletal diseases.
How to Recognise Signs of Disc Disease in Dachshunds
Quick Answer: Symptoms include sudden back pain, reluctance to move, yelping when touched, hunched posture, and hind leg weakness or wobbliness.
Watching for early signs is vital to prevent serious complications. Owners might notice their Dachshund suddenly becoming reluctant to jump or move, expressing pain when the back is touched, or showing changes in appetite and energy. As the disease progresses, dogs may exhibit unsteady gait or even paralysis in their back legs, necessitating urgent veterinary care.[2][4]
Is Surgery the Best Treatment for Dachshund Disc Disease?
Quick Answer: Surgery is recommended for many dogs with IVDD as it generally speeds recovery and provides better pain control.
While some mild cases may be managed conservatively, surgery remains the gold standard in many IVDD cases, especially where neurological signs are severe. Surgical removal of herniated disc material decompresses the spinal cord, improving comfort and mobility. Most dogs recover mobility within six weeks, but longer recoveries can indicate a guarded prognosis.[2]
Where to Find Dachshund Puppies from Reputable Breeders
If you're considering adding a Dachshund puppy from reputable breeders to your family, it's important to select breeders who participate in health screening programmes including the Kennel Club’s IVDD Scheme. Responsible breeders focus on reducing the risk of genetic conditions like IVDD while providing puppies raised in healthy environments. Visiting the breeder to see living conditions and requesting health testing results can help ensure you are adopting a well-cared-for and healthy puppy.
Conclusion
Dachshunds have a unique skeletal structure that predisposes them to intervertebral disc disease, a serious spinal condition that impacts their quality of life. Recognising early symptoms and seeking prompt veterinary advice can significantly improve outcomes. Treatment options range from conservative care to surgery, with many dogs able to live comfortable lives post-diagnosis. Responsible breeding and informed ownership are vital to managing and reducing the risk of disc disease in these beloved dogs.
