Deafness in Cats: Causes, Symptoms & Care Guide

Deaf cats are incredibly good at compensating for their lack of hearing, so it may not become obvious for some time that a cat cannot hear at all. Deafness in cats can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life. The condition may affect one or both ears and varies greatly in severity. If you are considering adopting a deaf cat or want to learn how to identify and manage deafness, this comprehensive guide will provide essential information.

Understanding Deafness in Cats: Types and Causes

Deafness in cats typically falls into two categories, depending on whether it is caused by nerve damage or a physical obstruction blocking sound passage. Recognising the type of deafness is important as some causes might be temporary or treatable, while others may be permanent.

Nerve-related Deafness

Damage or dysfunction of the ear's nerves can impair hearing. A genetically inherited form of deafness predominantly affects white-coated cats with blue eyes due to a condition called cochleo-saccular degeneration. Other causes include:

• Inner ear infections
• Prolonged exposure to loud noises or sudden loud events causing nerve damage
• Age-related nerve deterioration
• Poisoning or exposure to ototoxic substances

Obstructive Deafness

Physical blockages in the ear canal may prevent sound from reaching the hearing structures. These causes can sometimes be reversed with treatment and include:

• Ear mite infestations obstructing the ear canal
• Excessive ear wax build-up
• Tumours or abnormal growths within the ear
• Outer or middle ear infections

Identifying Deafness: Signs to Watch For

If a cat starts showing signs of hearing loss or you suspect deafness, veterinary assessment is essential for diagnosis and treatment options. Key symptoms include:

• Discharge, unpleasant smells, or excessive ear wax in the ear
• Frequent head shaking or scratching at the ears
• Loud meowing without volume control
• Startlement from unseen approaches
• Not responding to calls, voices, or loud noises
• Dizziness or poor balance, possibly causing clumsiness

Caring for a Deaf Cat: Practical Tips

Once a vet confirms deafness and any treatable causes are addressed, you can help your cat adapt effectively using these strategies:

• Assess the safety of outdoor access carefully—consider secure garden enclosures if traffic or predators pose risks.
• Ensure your cat’s collar has a clear ‘deaf cat’ identification tag with your contact details for safety.
• Avoid sneaking up on your cat; use gentle vibrations like floor stamping to announce your approach.
• Use hand signals or light cues as communication tools, rewarding responses with treats or meals.

Cats adapt well to deafness with these thoughtful adjustments. Their quality of life can remain excellent with attentive, responsible care.