English Setter vs Irish Setter: Key Breed Differences Explained

Setters remain firm favourites among dog lovers in the UK, known for their reliable work as gundogs and their charming, affectionate nature as family pets. If you’ve been considering adding a setter to your home, understanding the differences between the English Setter and the Irish Setter can help you make an informed decision. Both are native breeds with rich histories and distinct personalities worth exploring.

English Setter Origins and History

The English Setter is one of the oldest gundog breeds in the UK, dating back to the 14th Century. Originally called the Setting Spaniel, it was bred by crossing various spaniel breeds to create a dog that could work over difficult terrain to locate game. The dog’s distinctive 'setting' behaviour involved standing motionless with a lifted paw to indicate to hunters where birds were hidden. Over time, the breed was refined for use without nets, becoming the English Setter we recognise today. Although their exact lineage is unclear, they were highly prized by nobility and hunters alike.

Irish Setter Origins and History

Predating even the English Setter, the Irish Setter has origins rooted in Ireland and comes from crosses involving older spaniel breeds and Scottish Setters. Bred specifically to improve scenting ability and agility, this breed was developed to be an exceptional hunting partner. The Irish Setter has long been admired for its striking red coat, noble appearance, and lively character. The breed’s modern form was formalised in the late 19th Century by dedicated breeders working to standardise its rich red colour and athletic build.

Physical Differences: Appearance and Size

English Setters are elegant, standing 65 to 69 cm tall at the shoulder, with males weighing 25 to 36 kg and females slightly lighter. Their coats are long, silky with a gentle wave and typically display a flecked or speckled pattern called "belton." Accepted colours include black and white (blue belton), orange and white (orange belton), lemon and white (lemon belton), liver and white (liver belton), and tricolour. Their coat patterns give them a glamorous but rugged look.

Irish Setters are slightly shorter, standing 58 to 67 cm tall, with males weighing 27 to 32 kg and females lighter. They possess a striking deep red, straight, silky coat with prominent feathering on ears, tail, legs, and underside. Sometimes permitted are white markings on the chest, toes, or face, which are allowed under the Kennel Club breed standard. Their leaner, athletic physique suggests both grace and power.

Temperament and Personality Traits

English Setters are known for their calm, placid, and loyal demeanour. They are sociable dogs that generally get along well with everyone, including children and other pets when properly socialised. While intelligent and eager to please, they do require plenty of daily exercise and mental stimulation to remain balanced. Their gentle nature makes them ideal companions for first-time dog owners who can commit to their activity needs and social life.

Irish Setters, on the other hand, boast a mischievous streak paired with intelligence and deep affection. Known as one of the most “genuine” canine companions, they thrive on human engagement and love to be part of every family activity. This breed is energetic and excitable, sometimes prone to being accident-prone, and may display vocal tendencies that should be managed through patient, positive training. Irish Setters do not like to be left alone for long periods and appreciate a lively home environment.

Coat Care and Shedding

Both breeds shed moderately throughout the year, with increased shedding occurring in spring and autumn as they drop old coats to grow new ones. English Setters’ wavy coat requires regular brushing to prevent mats, while Irish Setters benefit from frequent grooming to keep their smooth feathers tangle-free. Responsible grooming routines help maintain skin health and reduce shedding around the home.

Training Tips for English and Irish Setters

Early and consistent training is essential for both setters. English Setters respond particularly well to positive reinforcement methods, requiring patience to master recall commands due to their strong hunting instincts. Irish Setters can be more challenging to train owing to their playful and mischievous nature but also excel in canine sports and agility activities that engage their minds and bodies. Harsh or heavy-handed training should be avoided to maintain their sensitive and trusting nature.

Exercise Requirements

Both breeds need at least two hours of daily exercise that includes off-lead running in safe environments. Their hunting background means they love to explore and require activities that stimulate both mind and body. Lack of exercise can lead to behavioural issues, so a commitment to regular walks, play sessions, and training exercises is crucial to keep setters happy and healthy.

Living with Children and Other Pets

English Setters are patient and gentle, making them excellent family dogs with toddlers and older children alike. Their social disposition usually means they get along well with other animals, including cats, if introduced early and with care.

Irish Setters enjoy playful interaction with children and can coexist peacefully with other pets they are raised with. However, supervision is advisable around very small animals unfamiliar to them due to their exuberant nature.

Health Considerations

English Setters may be prone to certain health issues such as skin problems including hot spots, retinal degeneration leading to blindness, elbow and hip dysplasia, and thyroid disorders. Responsible breeders perform health testing, including DNA screening for hip dysplasia, to minimise risks.

Irish Setters share some hereditary concerns like hip dysplasia and progressive retinal atrophy, alongside specific conditions like canine leukocyte adhesion deficiency, epilepsy, reproduction challenges, rickets, and wheat-sensitive enteropathy. Responsible screening and veterinary care are essential to catch and manage these conditions early.

Life Expectancy

With proper care and a well-balanced diet, English Setters typically live between 9 to 15 years, while Irish Setters generally have a lifespan of 10 to 15 years.

Finding and Choosing a Reputable Breeder

If you’re considering welcoming an English or Irish Setter into your home, only buy from reputable breeders who prioritise the health, temperament, and welfare of their puppies. You can find English Setter puppies and Irish Setter puppies through trusted channels. Ask breeders about health testing, socialisation practices, and support after purchase to ensure a responsible and ethical acquisition. Consider adoption from rescues or clubs dedicated to setter breeds as a compassionate alternative.

Summary: Which Setter is Right for You?

Both English and Irish Setters are stunning, affectionate, and intelligent breeds with a strong hunting heritage. English Setters tend to be a bit taller and more placid, with a greater range of coat colours, while Irish Setters offer a striking red coat and a playful, lively personality. Your choice depends on your activity level, home environment, and what traits you value most in a canine companion. Regardless, both varieties make loving, devoted pets for families willing to meet their needs for exercise, companionship, and training.