Entlebucher Urinary Syndrome (EUS): Symptoms, Treatment & Care

The Entlebucher Mountain Dog is a striking Swiss breed prized for its working ability and loyal companionship. Though rare in the UK and often mistaken for mixed breeds, their heritage spans centuries of careful breeding. Generally healthy, Entlebuchers can occasionally develop specific conditions, notably Entlebucher Urinary Syndrome (EUS), a disorder affecting urinary tract function.

Understanding Entlebucher Urinary Syndrome (EUS)

EUS is associated with a genetic abnormality called ectopic ureters, where the ureters connect abnormally to the bladder or nearby locations rather than the usual insertion point. Normally, urine flows from the kidneys through the ureters into the bladder for storage before being expelled. Ectopic ureters disrupt this flow, causing urine to leak involuntarily, leading to incontinence. While this isn’t immediately life-threatening, the condition can result in serious complications if untreated.

Interestingly, some Entlebuchers have ectopic ureters but remain asymptomatic, posing a challenge for breeders aiming to maintain healthy lines. Genetic screening for this anomaly is costly and not yet widespread; research continues to clarify hereditary patterns and improve detection methods.

Recognising Symptoms of EUS

Symptoms vary widely. Some dogs show occasional urine dribbling, while others suffer constant leaking. Key signs to monitor include:

• Frequent or abnormal urination
• Leaking urine while awake or asleep
• Recurring urinary tract infections
• Distended abdomen due to bladder issues
• Loss of condition or failure to thrive
• Vomiting and signs indicating kidney distress in severe cases

Early recognition is essential to avoid progression to severe kidney problems, which can be fatal.

Treatment Options and Prognosis

Veterinary assessment will guide treatment based on severity. Mild cases may respond to medication that controls incontinence. More severe cases often require surgical correction, such as reimplantation of the ureter or removal of the damaged kidney and ureter. Prompt surgery can enable an affected dog to live a full, quality life.

If both kidneys are compromised, unfortunately, the outlook is poor. In all cases, early veterinary intervention and ongoing monitoring are critical to optimise outcomes.

Responsible Breeding and Care

Breeders are strongly advised not to use dogs diagnosed with EUS or ectopic ureters for breeding, to reduce the incidence in future generations. Regular health screening and veterinary checks, especially in puppies up to two years old when signs typically emerge, help detect issues early.

If you suspect your Entlebucher or any dog may be showing urinary symptoms, seek veterinary advice promptly to rule out other causes and assess urinary tract health. Maintaining good hygiene and prompt treatment of infections supports wellbeing.

Additional Questions About EUS

What causes Entlebucher Urinary Syndrome?

Quick Answer: Entlebucher Urinary Syndrome is primarily caused by ectopic ureters, a congenital malformation where ureters connect abnormally to the bladder, causing urine leakage.

This abnormality disrupts the normal flow of urine from kidneys to bladder, leading to leakage and possible infections. Genetics likely play a role, but the exact inheritance pattern is unclear, making responsible breeding crucial to manage risk.

Can Entlebucher Urinary Syndrome be cured?

Quick Answer: While mild symptoms can be managed medically, severe cases often require surgery to correct ureter placement or remove damaged kidneys, improving the dog's quality of life.

Early diagnosis enables effective treatment. Medical management includes drugs for urinary incontinence and antibiotics for infections. Surgical interventions have favourable outcomes if performed promptly before irreversible kidney damage.

When should I have my puppy screened for EUS?

Quick Answer: Screening is best done within the first two years of life, as symptoms usually appear by then, especially before breeding decisions are made.

Even asymptomatic dogs can carry ectopic ureters. Screening includes imaging techniques like ultrasound or contrast studies. Health-conscious breeders use screening to improve breed health and avoid passing the condition on.

Overall, careful veterinary care, informed breeders, and attentive owners contribute significantly to managing Entlebucher Urinary Syndrome and ensuring affected dogs have the best possible care and quality of life.