5 Essential Facts Cat Owners Must Know About Cat Flu

Anyone who has experienced the human flu knows it is far worse than a common cold. Similarly, cat flu or feline influenza is a contagious viral illness affecting cats with symptoms ranging from mild to potentially severe.

Cats contract their own strains of flu viruses, and the infection spreads easily between cats but cannot be passed to or from humans. Understanding cat flu, its causes, symptoms, and prevention is vital for all cat owners.

Here are five essential facts every cat owner needs to know about cat flu to keep their feline friends safe and healthy.

1. What is Cat Flu?

Cat flu is a common upper respiratory illness in cats caused mainly by feline herpesvirus (FHV) and feline calicivirus (FCV). Occasionally, cats may contract influenza viruses such as avian influenza, but this is rare.

Symptoms typically include sneezing, nasal and eye discharge, watery eyes, fever, loss of appetite, and lethargy. Some cats also develop ulcers in the mouth or eyes in severe cases.

Symptoms can vary in severity; while many adult cats recover uneventfully, kittens, elderly, or immunocompromised cats may face more serious illness.

2. How is Cat Flu Spread?

Cat flu viruses are highly contagious and spread primarily through respiratory secretions such as sneezing, saliva, and eye or nasal discharge.

A cat can spread the virus even without showing symptoms, acting as a carrier. The virus can also survive up to a week on contaminated objects like food bowls, toys, bedding, and clothing, facilitating indirect transmission.

Good hygiene and limiting contact with infected cats are key to controlling spread.

3. Vaccination Against Cat Flu

Vaccination is the best protection against cat flu caused by feline herpesvirus and calicivirus. Kittens should receive vaccinations from 8–9 weeks, followed by boosters 3–4 weeks later and regular annual boosters.

While vaccination does not provide 100% immunity, it greatly reduces the severity of illness and helps prevent virus spread. Cats that are vaccinated can still carry the virus but are less likely to become seriously ill.

Vaccination is especially important for cats that interact with other cats frequently, such as boarding or show cats.

4. How Serious is Cat Flu?

For healthy adult cats, cat flu usually causes temporary discomfort but recovers with supportive care. However, for kittens, elderly cats, or those with weakened immune systems, cat flu can be life-threatening.

Complications such as eye ulcers or pneumonia may occur. If your cat shows painful, squinting eyes or persistent poor appetite, consult your vet promptly to avoid long-term damage.

5. Treatment and Prevention

There is no specific cure for cat flu, but supportive veterinary care helps most cats recover. Treatment includes keeping your cat warm, hydrated, and comfortable. Your vet may prescribe medications to ease symptoms or treat secondary bacterial infections.

Isolating infected cats helps prevent spread. Maintaining good hygiene by regularly cleaning your cat's environment and limiting exposure to unvaccinated or ill cats are vital preventive measures.

Even after recovery, some cats carry and can transmit the virus, so ongoing care and vigilance are important.

What is Cat Flu?

Quick Answer: Cat flu is an infectious upper respiratory illness in cats caused mainly by feline herpesvirus and calicivirus, leading to symptoms like sneezing, eye discharge, and fever.

It is highly contagious among cats and symptoms vary from mild to severe. It’s crucial for cat owners in the UK to understand these causes and symptoms to protect their pets effectively.

How is Cat Flu Spread?

Quick Answer: Cat flu spreads through direct contact with infected cats' sneezes, saliva, and eye secretions, as well as indirect contact via contaminated objects.

The virus can survive up to a week on surfaces, so good hygiene and avoiding contact with infected cats reduce transmission risk.

Can You Vaccinate Against Cat Flu?

Quick Answer: Yes, vaccines protect against the most common causes of cat flu (feline herpesvirus and calicivirus), though some vaccinated cats may still be carriers.

Vaccination schedules starting in kittenhood and regular boosters are the best defence against severe illness and outbreaks, especially for cats in multi-cat environments.

How Serious is Cat Flu?

Quick Answer: Cat flu can be mild in healthy adult cats but serious or even fatal in kittens, elderly, or immunocompromised cats.

Severe cases may include eye ulcers or pneumonia. Immediate veterinary care is advised if symptoms worsen or persist.

Can Cat Flu be Treated?

Quick Answer: There is no cure for cat flu, but supportive care including warmth, hydration, and medications for secondary infections can help most cats recover.

Isolation of infected cats limits spread, and early vet intervention improves outcomes, especially in high-risk cats like kittens or the elderly.