Kennel Cough Vaccine FAQs: Protection, Administration & Boosters

Kennel cough is a highly contagious respiratory condition that affects dogs and can cause a painful, hacking cough lasting several weeks. While it rarely causes serious illness in healthy adult dogs, it can be more dangerous for puppies, elderly dogs, or those with weakened immune systems, increasing the risk of secondary infections and more serious complications.

Thanks to widespread vaccination, kennel cough cases in the UK have decreased significantly over recent decades. Many dogs today receive protection that prevents infection from the most common cause of kennel cough, reducing both their risk and limiting spread to others.

However, the vaccine is often misunderstood by dog owners, especially regarding what it protects against and how it is administered. This article answers frequently asked questions about the kennel cough vaccination, its benefits, limitations, and the best ways to protect your dog.

What does the kennel cough vaccine protect against?

The kennel cough vaccine primarily protects dogs from Bordetella bronchiseptica, a bacterial infection that is the most frequent cause of kennel cough. It does not protect against other bacterial or viral agents that can also cause similar respiratory symptoms.

How does the kennel cough vaccine work?

The vaccine works by exposing your dog's immune system to a safe, weakened or inactivated form of the Bordetella bacteria. This trains the immune system to recognise this pathogen and respond more rapidly and effectively if the dog encounters it again. This preparation reduces the severity and duration of illness if infection occurs.

Has my dog definitely had the kennel cough vaccine if they received their core vaccinations?

Not always. Kennel cough vaccination is a non-core vaccine and is usually given separately from standard puppy or combined vaccines. It is typically offered at an additional cost and may have been administered as intranasal drops rather than injection.

How can I confirm my dog has had the kennel cough vaccine?

Check your dog’s vaccination card for records of kennel cough vaccination. If uncertain, contact your vet who will have official records if the vaccine was administered.

How is the kennel cough vaccine administered?

In the UK, the vaccine is most commonly given as a nasal spray. This method allows rapid onset of immunity, often within about four days. Some dogs may resist the nasal application, which can be a challenge during administration.

What if my dog won’t tolerate the nasal spray?

For dogs unable to tolerate nasal delivery or those with anatomical issues such as stenotic nares (very narrow nostrils, often in brachycephalic breeds like the pug), an injectable form of the vaccine is sometimes offered. This method is less common and used mainly where nasal administration is unsuitable.

Can vaccinated dogs still get kennel cough?

Yes, vaccination does not guarantee complete protection. It mainly prevents infection from Bordetella but does not cover all causes of kennel cough. Vaccinated dogs may still get mild symptoms if infected by other pathogens but typically experience less severe illness and recover faster.

How often should kennel cough boosters be given?

Veterinary guidance recommends annual boosters to maintain immunity, usually administered alongside other routine health checks and vaccinations. Without yearly boosters, protection reduces over time, increasing susceptibility.

What is the latest UK veterinary advice on kennel cough vaccination?

Quick Answer: While kennel cough vaccination is not 100% effective against all causes, the intranasal vaccine is the preferred method, offering rapid immunity onset within days. Annual boosters are recommended, especially for dogs at higher risk such as those attending kennels or dog daycare.

Recent UK veterinary consensus states the vaccine reduces disease severity and spread, although it does not guarantee full prevention. It should only be given to healthy dogs and forms part of a comprehensive prevention strategy that includes good hygiene and avoiding contact with infected dogs. Vaccinated dogs usually develop milder symptoms and recover more quickly than those unvaccinated.

How can I responsibly protect my dog from kennel cough?

• Keep your dog up to date with recommended vaccinations, including the kennel cough vaccine as advised by your vet.
• Only vaccinate healthy dogs, and consult your vet if your dog is currently unwell before vaccination.
• Be cautious in high-risk environments such as boarding kennels, doggy day care, or dog parks where exposure risk is higher.
• If your dog develops kennel cough symptoms, isolate them from other dogs until fully recovered to prevent spreading the infection.
• Maintain good hygiene in your home and regularly clean dog bedding, bowls, and toys.

Vaccination is an important tool but should be combined with sensible management to protect your dog’s respiratory health effectively.