How to Socialise a Dog Unused to Time with Others

Dogs are inherently social creatures, traditionally living in cooperative packs that provide survival advantages, companionship and reassurance. Domestic dogs similarly benefit from social interaction with other dogs, which is essential for their well-being and proper communication skills.

However, some adult dogs may not have developed good social skills as puppies or missed early socialisation opportunities. This lack can lead to problems such as reactiveness around other dogs, poor behaviour in group settings, and misreading social cues.

Socialising such dogs requires patience, a gradual approach and consistent positive reinforcement. Here are some effective steps to help your dog build social skills and comfortable interactions with others of their kind.

1. Understand Your Dog’s Background and Triggers

Gather as much information as possible about your dog’s history. Were they isolated from other dogs? Did traumatic encounters with aggressive dogs cause fear? Knowing the context helps plan tailored socialisation strategies that address specific fears or gaps.

2. Health Check and Vaccination

Before commencing socialisation, ensure your dog is fit and healthy with a vet check-up. Confirm their vaccinations are up to date to keep your dog safe during interactions and prevent disease transmission.

3. Start Slowly with Controlled Exposure

Begin socialisation by exposing your dog to other dogs, people and new environments at a safe distance where your dog notices but remains calm and unreactive. Gradually reduce this distance, always staying within their comfort zone. Choose calm, quiet locations initially and avoid crowded or noisy places that might overwhelm your dog.

4. Use Positive Reinforcement Consistently

Reward calm and curious behaviour with treats and praise to create positive associations with social experiences. This approach encourages your dog to enjoy new encounters and reduces fear.

5. Manage One-to-One Interactions

Arrange carefully supervised meetings with well-socialised dogs in neutral locations. Keep initial encounters short and positive. Avoid inviting unfamiliar dogs into your home unless your dog is comfortable with them, as home can feel like your dog’s safe territory and cause defensive behaviour.

6. Join Group Training or Socialisation Classes

Enrol in local classes designed for adult dogs to provide structured socialisation opportunities under professional guidance. Trainers can help assess your dog's behaviour and recommend personalised tactics.

7. Teach Useful Attention Commands

Teaching commands like "sit," "look at me," or "touch" can refocus your dog’s attention and provide confidence during stressful social settings. These commands help interrupt anxiety and improve your control during interactions.

8. Avoid Dog Parks Until Readiness

Dog parks can be chaotic and overwhelming, unsuitable for dogs still learning social skills. Delay visits until your dog reliably shows calm, confident responses around other dogs to prevent setbacks from negative experiences.

Understanding Common Socialisation Issues

Many adult dogs struggle more with group settings or on-lead encounters compared to loose, controlled environments. Tailor socialisation exercises accordingly, observing triggers and adapting pace and techniques to suit your dog.

When to Seek Professional Help

If your dog's behaviour is complex or reactive, consulting a professional canine behaviourist can be invaluable. They can provide detailed behaviour assessments and custom strategies to improve social skills safely.

Conclusion

Socialising a dog not used to spending time with others is a gradual process requiring empathy, patience and consistent positive experiences. By understanding your dog’s history, health, and specific fears, and using controlled, rewarding social opportunities, you can help your dog gain confidence and enjoy harmonious interactions with other dogs.

Remember to take it step-by-step and consider professional advice when needed. This approach not only supports your dog’s emotional well-being but helps build a trusting and joyful companionship for years to come.