Insect Repellent Toxicity in Dogs: Risks and Safety Tips

Summer offers plenty of enjoyment for dog owners and their canine companions, with warmer days inviting outdoor walks and play. However, this season also brings increased exposure to biting insects like midges and mosquitoes, which can cause irritation and discomfort for dogs. Many turn to insect repellents to keep these pests at bay, but it's vital to understand that not all repellents are safe for pets. Finding a puppy or caring for your dog includes being aware of environmental risks, including exposure to toxic substances like certain insect repellents.

Why Are Some Insect Repellents Toxic to Dogs?

Insect repellents vary widely — some contain natural ingredients such as citronella, while others include synthetic chemicals designed to be powerfully effective against insects. Among these, DEET (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide) is one of the most common and potent insect repellents found in many human-use products worldwide, including in the UK.

DEET's active ingredient is a strong neurotoxin to insects and can also harm dogs if exposure occurs. Instructions for DEET products often advise spraying clothes rather than skin, and explicitly warn against use on pets or near them. Dogs may accidentally ingest DEET by licking their coat if sprayed or by contact with humans who have applied it.

The Risks for Dogs

It's tempting when your dog suffers from numerous insect bites to try applying human insect repellent to offer relief. However, this can cause more harm than good. Chemical repellents not formulated for animal use often contain toxins dangerous to dogs, leading to poisoning when ingested through licking.

Dogs are particularly at risk because they groom themselves frequently and may ingest harmful substances applied to their fur or skin indirectly through owners' skin contact. Therefore, owners should never use human insect repellents like DEET on or near pets unless specifically approved for animal use.

Recognising Symptoms of Insect Repellent Toxicity in Dogs

The amount of DEET or other toxic compounds a dog must ingest to cause harm varies widely depending on individual sensitivity, size, and health status. Symptoms can appear mild or severe, requiring quick response by the owner.

• Nausea and vomiting
• Skin irritation or redness
• Tremors or shaking
• Loss of coordination or unsteady gait
• Seizures or convulsions in serious cases

These symptoms indicate nervous system or gastrointestinal distress, necessitating prompt veterinary attention.

Immediate Actions and Veterinary Care

If you suspect your dog has been exposed to toxic insect repellents, immediately wash off any residue with mild soap and water to reduce absorption through skin and fur.

Following this, contact your vet without delay. Bring the product packaging to assist the veterinary team in identifying the toxin. Your vet may induce vomiting or administer activated charcoal to bind toxins in the stomach to prevent further absorption.

Supportive care including monitoring neurological status and hydration will be provided based on severity. Early treatment generally results in a good prognosis, but prevention remains essential.

Preventative Measures for Safe Summer Enjoyment

To protect your dog this summer, never apply human insect repellents directly onto your pet. Instead, use products specifically designed for dogs, tested for safety and efficacy. Always follow application instructions carefully.

Keep your dog away from treated skin areas of people until repellents have dried fully to avoid accidental ingestion. Consider natural methods to reduce insect exposure, such as avoiding walking at dusk or in areas heavily infested by biting insects.

Responsible pet ownership means protecting your dog from avoidable poisons and hazards. Consult your vet before introducing any new topical products, including natural insect repellents.