23 Essential Facts About Rabbits You Need to Know

Rabbits enchant us with their variety of shapes, colours, and breeds. Globally, over 150 recognised rabbit breeds exist, cherished as both indoor and outdoor pets. Their friendly nature, clever minds, and playful antics have boosted their popularity over decades, making rabbits the UK's third favourite pet after cats and dogs. Here, you'll find 23 essential facts that reveal why rabbits are so beloved companions and what makes them unique.

• Domestic rabbits descend from the European rabbit.
• Male rabbits are called bucks.
• Females are called does.
• Baby rabbits are known as kittens or kits.
• Some breeds can reproduce as early as 3 to 4 months old.
• The gestation period is approximately 30 days.
• The term for baby rabbits born to the same mother is a litter.
• Rabbit kittens are born born without fur and with their eyes shut, making gentle care crucial.
• The largest recorded litter contained 24 kits—a remarkable number!
• Rabbits' teeth grow continually—chewing hay and fibrous food helps keep them healthy.
• The distinctive purring sound some rabbits make comes from gentle teeth grinding, signalling contentment.
• They sweat through pads on their feet when overheated.
• Unlike many animals, rabbits cannot vomit, so digestive health requires careful feeding and grooming.
• Rabbits have a delicate backbone, necessitating careful handling to avoid injury.
• They have 18 toenails: five on each front paw and four on each hind paw.
• Activity peaks at dawn and dusk, reflecting their crepuscular nature.
• The longest rabbit ears ever recorded measured 31.125 inches.
• The inimitable Darius holds the record as the heaviest rabbit at 50lbs.
• Rabbits are near-sighted but have excellent side vision to detect predators.
• Though commonly mistaken otherwise, rabbits are not rodents, but lagomorphs.
• They are incredibly agile with records of 3 metres for long jump and 1 metre high jump.
• Rabbits’ intelligence allows for training and forming strong bonds with humans.
• Responsible ownership, including providing companionship, helps rabbits thrive.

Who Introduced Rabbits to the UK?

Historical debate about rabbits' introduction to Britain concluded after an archaeological dig in Norfolk uncovered 2,000-year-old rabbit bones, confirming that the Romans were the first to bring rabbits to these shores, most likely from Spain. Earlier beliefs also mentioned the Normans, but the evidence favours Roman introduction.

Ancient Egyptians raced rabbits for sport, similar to modern dog racing, reflecting the cultural significance rabbits held through mythology, religion, and as symbols of fertility. Rabbit populations worldwide were once introduced to deserted islands to provide sustenance for stranded sailors, showcasing their role beyond pets and wilds.

Facts To Know About Domestic Pet Rabbits

Rabbits make affectionate and clean pets, grooming themselves and others regularly. However, domestic rabbits cannot survive in the wild due to domestication and must never be released outdoors. They require spaying or neutering to prevent unwanted litters, a service now routinely offered by vets akin to the care provided for dogs and cats.

• Pet rabbits can reach speeds up to 30 mph in short bursts.
• Certain breeds are easier to keep as pets due to temperament and care needs.
• The smallest adult rabbits weigh under 1 lb, illustrating the diversity of size.
• With good care, rabbits can live up to 8 years, and sometimes longer.
• Rabbits usually get on well with dogs and cats, but introductions should be supervised carefully.
• Many rabbits enter rescue shelters annually; considering adoption from local rescue centres is a compassionate option that gives a rabbit a second chance.
• Rabbits need much human interaction and attention as they are sensitive, social creatures.

Before adopting or buying a pet rabbit, gathering information about their needs and preparing a suitable, enriching environment is key. Providing companionship, diet, exercise, and gentle handling promotes a happy, healthy rabbit that bonds deeply with their owner—bringing joy and companionship for years.

What do rabbits need to be happy and healthy?

Quick Answer: Rabbits require a balanced high-fibre diet, safe and spacious housing, enrichment through companionship and toys, regular grooming, and veterinary care to thrive.

Rabbits need constant access to good-quality hay and fresh vegetables to support their digestive system, combined with fresh water. They thrive in quiet, secure spaces that allow for exercise and natural behaviours such as chewing and digging. Being social animals, they benefit greatly from the company of other rabbits or substantial human interaction. Regular grooming helps prevent hairballs, and annual vet checks help monitor health. Spaying or neutering improves behaviour and health. Avoid letting rabbits outdoors unsupervised due to predators and disease risks. Providing these essentials ensures a happy, healthy life for your pet bunny.

How to care for pet rabbits step by step UK 2025 best practices

Step 1: Preparing the Home

Choose a spacious, safe housing area such as a large indoor pen or a secure outdoor hutch with protection against weather and predators. The space should include hideouts, resting areas with soft bedding, and room for exercise.

Step 2: Diet and Nutrition

Provide unlimited access to fresh hay, crucial for dental health and digestion, supplemented by a measured amount of quality rabbit pellets and a variety of fresh vegetables daily. Avoid sugary treats and high-starch foods that can cause digestive upset.

Step 3: Socialisation and Interaction

Spend time daily with your rabbit, gentle handling buildup, and encouraging play with toys. Consider adopting a bonded pair or same-sex companions to meet social needs.

Step 4: Health and Grooming

Brush your rabbit regularly to prevent fur matting and hairballs, particularly for long-haired breeds. Keep an eye on teeth, weight, and behaviour changes. Annual veterinary check-ups with a vet experienced in rabbit care are recommended. Spay or neuter as advised.

Step 5: Environment Enrichment

Offer chew toys, tunnels, and digging boxes to stimulate natural behaviours and prevent boredom. Allow safe, supervised exercise outside the enclosure regularly.

Step 6: Handling and Safety

Always support a rabbit's fragile backbone when lifting. Avoid sudden movements and never hold rabbits on their backs. Handle with care, especially around children, to build trust and prevent injury.

Conclusion

Rabbits are fascinating, intelligent, and sociable pets requiring dedicated care and understanding. With proper housing, diet, companionship, and gentle handling, they flourish as affectionate companions for many years. Whether adopting from a rescue or purchasing from reputable breeders, responsible ownership is paramount. Embrace the joy of rabbit companionship—you'll gain a delightful and gentle friend for life.