Monitor Lizard as Pets: Legal Ownership & Care Guide UK

Monitor lizards are fascinating, intelligent reptiles from the same genus as Komodo dragons, prized by enthusiasts who appreciate their unique behaviours and striking appearance. Their growing popularity as exotic pets in the UK calls for thorough understanding of their needs, legal status, and care to ensure responsible ownership.

Understanding Legal Ownership of Monitor Lizards in the UK

In the UK, monitor lizards are generally legal to own as pets since they are not listed under the Dangerous Wild Animals Act 1976 (DWA). This means there's no requirement for a special licence to keep them, unlike some other exotic species. However, local councils may have specific bylaws regulating exotic pet keeping, so it is essential to check with your local authority before acquiring a monitor lizard to ensure compliance with any local restrictions.

Some monitor species are protected under international regulations such as CITES, which controls trade of endangered species. Importing or purchasing CITES-listed monitor species requires appropriate permits. Ethical considerations also come into play to avoid supporting illegal or unethical breeding and trade.

Choosing the Right Monitor Lizard Species

Monitors vary significantly in size and temperament. Some species can grow up to 7 feet long, requiring very large enclosures and experienced care. A commonly recommended species for beginners is the Bosc Monitor, which grows between 3 and 5 feet and is relatively manageable in captivity.

It is important to avoid impulse purchases and conduct detailed research about the species' adult size, behaviour, and care needs to ensure you can provide the right environment and long-term commitment.

Providing Appropriate Housing and Environment

Monitor lizards grow rapidly and need a spacious and secure enclosure. An ideal tank dimension for an adult lizard is around 8 feet by 5 feet. The enclosure should include multiple zones: a basking area heated to approximately 35°C with UV lighting to support bone health, and a cooler zone around 30°C. Temperature should mimic a natural day-night cycle, dropping at night to simulate their wild habitat.

Choose a terrarium made of solid, escape-proof materials since monitor lizards are known to climb and can easily damage unsuitable enclosures. Adding large sturdy branches or wood pieces for climbing and exploration enriches their environment. Hideouts or shelters are essential to provide privacy and reduce stress.

Regular cleaning is important as monitors are messy eaters and produce waste frequently. Suitable substrates include newspaper or paper towels for easy removal, though natural options like gravel or wood chips can be used cautiously to prevent ingestion.

Nutrition and Feeding Practices

Monitors are carnivorous predators, thriving on a diet that stimulates their natural hunting instincts. They prefer live prey such as small rodents, insects, earthworms, and eggs, which keep them physically and mentally active. Fish such as goldfish can be offered but should not be a staple.

Obesity is a risk if overfeeding occurs, so portion control and variety are essential. Use feeding tongs to safely offer food, avoiding the risk of bites from their strong jaws and toxic saliva. Distribute food at different levels and locations in the enclosure to encourage natural foraging behaviour.

Handling and Interaction

Monitor lizards are not typically suited as hands-on pets. They can be aggressive when frightened with sharp claws and powerful tails that can cause injury. Larger species tend to be more aggressive than smaller ones. Early and consistent gentle handling from a young age may help tame some individuals, though patience and caution are vital.

If allowing your monitor out of its enclosure for exercise, ensure other household pets are kept separate as monitors may view them as prey. Never let your monitor roam outdoors unsupervised due to risks of escape and injury. They enjoy swimming and may benefit from supervised swim sessions in a bath or pool to maintain fitness.

Planning a safe environment to release and recapture your lizard indoors is crucial: block potential escape routes, remove fragile or dangerous objects, and use food incentives for recall.

Responsible Ownership and Ethical Considerations

Owning a monitor lizard requires dedication, adequate space, and understanding of their complex needs. Prospective owners should consider adopting from rescues as many lizards enter rehoming due to owners being unprepared for their growth and care demands.

Always source monitor lizards from reputable breeders or adoption centres that prioritize animal welfare. Ensure you inspect health, looking for clear eyes and absence of injuries before acquiring your pet. Never release monitor lizards into the wild, as this poses ecological risks and violates the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

By giving thoughtful consideration to their requirements and welfare, monitor lizards can make fascinating pets for those committed to responsible care.