Keeping sighthounds happy: care tips for sighthound dogs

Sighthounds, also known as gazehounds, are truly unique among dogs, renowned for their ability to hunt by sight rather than scent. Unlike most dogs who primarily rely on their noses, sighthounds have exceptional visual acuity that allows them to spot and track moving prey from a distance, making them superb hunters.

Their lean, leggy build and incredible speed further set them apart — they are the fastest of all dog types and carry some of the strongest hunting instincts. Because of these distinct characteristics, caring for sighthounds requires special attention and understanding of their needs.

If you're considering welcoming a sighthound into your home or already share your life with one, this guide will help you learn what makes these dogs so special and provide practical advice on keeping them happy and healthy.

What is a sighthound?

A sighthound is defined by its hunting method: these dogs chase prey by sight, relying on movement detection rather than scent. Their eyesight is keener than most dogs', but still depends greatly on detecting motion. For example, a rabbit that stays perfectly still is less likely to be detected by a sighthound.

Common sighthound breeds include: Afghan Hound puppies, Russian Wolfhound, Polish Greyhound puppies, Greyhound puppies, Italian Greyhound puppies, Irish Wolfhound puppies, Saluki puppies, Scottish Deerhound, Sloughi puppies, and Whippet puppies. Some less common sighthounds also exist outside the UK.

How to tell if your dog is a sighthound

You don’t have to own a purebred to have a sighthound. Mixed breed dogs with sighthound ancestry, like the popular Lurcher—which is a cross between a sighthound and another breed—also fit this type. Leggy, slender dogs with sharp eyesight for movement and speed often have sighthound traits.

Some breeds like the Rhodesian Ridgeback puppies sometimes spark debate about whether they qualify as sighthounds due to their hunting skills and capabilities, although they belong to multiple dog categories.

Exercise requirements for sighthounds

A common misconception is that sighthounds need constant high-energy exercise. In reality, these dogs are built for short bursts of intense speed rather than long-lasting endurance activities. Two walks on the lead each day, combined with a safe, secure space for unrestricted running, will generally keep them satisfied.

Sighthounds usually walk calmly to heel and rarely pull on the lead, making walks an enjoyable experience for owners who aren’t exercise enthusiasts. However, their strong prey drive means they can chase and easily catch small animals, so areas where they are off lead must be securely enclosed and free from potential prey such as cats or wild animals. Many owners take the precaution of using muzzles during off-lead time to prevent their dog from harming wildlife.

Feeding sighthounds

These dogs tend to eat less than many other breeds due to their lean build but require a diet rich in quality, high-energy nutrients to support their sudden running spurts. Portions should be tailored carefully to their size and weight to maintain their lean physique without overfeeding.

Bonding and communication with sighthounds

Sighthounds may seem reserved and quiet initially, often appearing more laid-back than attention-seeking. However, they tend to form strong, affectionate bonds with their owners, enjoying physical contact such as petting and cuddling.

They are known as the "couch potatoes" of dogs, loving comfy beds and warm environments. Many will lean against their owner to show affection. Sighthounds generally respond well to training through positive reinforcement but can be challenging to train when it comes to reliable recall and resisting the chasing instinct.

Sighthounds also often enjoy the company of other dogs, especially their own kind. Introducing them to cats should be done very carefully from a young age under close supervision to foster peaceful coexistence, although the instinct to chase may still persist outside the home.

Understanding the strength of the sight-hunting instinct is crucial for responsible ownership and ensuring the safety of other pets and wildlife.

Tips to keep your sighthound mentally stimulated

Like all dogs, sighthounds benefit from mental enrichment to prevent boredom and enhance their quality of life. Puzzle feeders, treat-dispensing toys, and hiding games can engage their minds and mimic natural hunting behaviours.

Providing a variety of toys and rotating them regularly keeps interest alive. Activities such as short training sessions, scent games, and agility exercises can provide mental stimulation suited to their capabilities, enhancing training and preventing frustration.

Ensuring safety at home and outside

Sighthounds are known for their agility and ability to jump high, so securing your garden with tall fencing is important to prevent escapes. Remove hazards such as sharp objects or plants toxic to dogs.

When out walking, always use a secure lead and consider a muzzle if your dog shows a strong prey drive, especially in areas frequented by small animals or cats.

Responsible sighthound ownership and acquisition

If you’re looking to find a sighthound or a related mixed-breed dog, it’s vital to do so from reputable breeders or consider rehoming through registered rescue organisations to promote ethical breeding and give a home to a dog in need.

Ensure you understand the specific care, exercise, and behavioural needs of sighthounds before acquiring one, as their unique traits require informed, dedicated ownership.

Conclusion

In summary, sighthounds are distinctive dogs with strong sight-driven hunting instincts, a lean build, and a love for short bursts of speed. They thrive with balanced exercise, mental enrichment, a warm, comfortable home, and affectionate companionship.

Responsible owners who appreciate their unique nature and needs will find sighthounds to be loving, loyal pets happy to share quiet moments on the sofa as well as exhilarating runs in secure spaces.