Laryngitis in dogs: causes, symptoms & treatment guide

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, commonly known as the voice box, affecting both dogs and people. In dogs, it can cause distressing symptoms like a hoarse bark, coughing, and discomfort, especially if your dog barks frequently. Understanding laryngitis is vital for recognising signs early and ensuring your dog receives appropriate care.

If your dog’s bark becomes hoarse or they cough persistently, this guide will help you identify laryngitis, understand its causes, symptoms, and how to manage the condition responsibly.

What is laryngitis in dogs?

Laryngitis refers to inflammation of the larynx. It can be classified as acute or chronic:

• Acute laryngitis develops suddenly and often resolves in 2-3 weeks without serious complications.
• Chronic laryngitis is longer-lasting and may require ongoing management.

Affected dogs typically show a hoarse or raspy bark, sometimes avoiding barking due to pain. The inflammation can also cause difficulties or pain when swallowing, coughing, and throat or neck pain.

In severe cases, breathing difficulties may develop, which need immediate veterinary attention.

How do dogs develop laryngitis?

Laryngitis results from inflammation of the voice box rather than a single disease. Causes can be varied:

• Excessive barking: Straining the larynx can lead to irritation and inflammation.
• Infections: Viral, bacterial, or kennel cough infections of the upper respiratory tract are common triggers.
• Environmental irritants: Smoke, dust, and allergens can inflame the larynx.
• Allergies: Dogs may develop laryngitis from allergic reactions to food, medications, or environmental factors.
• Breed predisposition: Brachycephalic breeds like the French bulldog breeders and pugs have shorter larynxes and are more vulnerable to this condition.

Common symptoms of laryngitis in dogs

Symptoms vary between dogs and can overlap with other respiratory illnesses. Common signs include:

• Hoarse, raspy or changed bark tone
• Persistent dry or productive cough, which may be painful
• Swelling around the larynx
• Croaking, retching or gagging sounds
• Difficulty or pain when swallowing, leading to reluctance to eat or drink
• Whistling or rasping breath sounds
• Open-mouth breathing or panting
• Fever or elevated body temperature
• In severe cases, breathing difficulties, fainting, or hypoxia

If you notice these symptoms, it’s important to have your dog examined by a vet to diagnose accurately and rule out other serious conditions.

Diagnosing laryngitis in dogs

Your vet will conduct a full physical examination and consider your dog's symptoms. Diagnostic steps may include:

• Thorough history taking regarding coughing, barking and general health
• Examination of the throat and neck area for swelling
• X-rays or imaging to assess the larynx and rule out obstructions or tumours
• Laboratory tests to identify infections or underlying diseases

Early and accurate diagnosis helps ensure appropriate treatment is started promptly, preventing complications.

Managing and treating laryngitis in dogs

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity:

• Rest and voice rest: Encourage your dog to rest its voice by avoiding excessive barking.
• Medications: Vets may prescribe antibiotics if bacterial infection is diagnosed, alongside anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce swelling and pain.
• Cough suppressants: Used to reduce painful coughing and help healing.
• Soft diet: Feeding soft foods can ease swallowing discomfort during recovery.
• Environmental control: Avoid exposure to smoke, dust or allergens to reduce irritation.
• Keep your dog comfortable: Maintain a calm, warm environment limiting exertion.

Chronic or severe cases may require specialised treatment or hospital care. Always follow the vet’s advice closely and never self-medicate your dog.

Preventing laryngitis in your dog

Proactive care helps reduce laryngitis risk:

• Minimise excessive barking through training and behaviour management techniques.
• Keep your dog’s environment free from smoke and pollutants.
• Regular veterinary check-ups to catch infections early.
• Carefully manage allergies with your vet's guidance.
• Choose a breed responsibly, understanding breed-specific health risks. For example, prospective dog owners might consider reputable breeders to find healthier puppies with lower risk of laryngeal issues such as those affecting French bulldog puppies.

Laryngitis can be distressing but is manageable with informed, responsible care. If you notice any symptoms, consult your vet promptly for the best outcome.