Patent ductus arteriosus in Lhasa Apso: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

The Lhasa Apso is a small longhaired dog from the Kennel Club’s utility grouping, loved for its affectionate nature and adaptable temperament. With its beautiful flowing coat needing regular grooming, the breed is popular among first-time dog owners and experienced enthusiasts alike.

Originating from Tibet’s mountainous regions, the Lhasa Apso bears a rich history and remains a frequently chosen breed across the UK. It ranks as the 29th most popular dog breed nationally and consistently attracts keen puppy buyers.

Despite many wonderful traits, Lhasa Apsos, like all pedigree dogs, can face hereditary health issues. One particularly serious congenital condition is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). This heart defect occurs when a vital blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth, disrupting normal blood circulation.

PDA places extra strain on a puppy’s heart and can lead to heart failure if untreated. Understanding this condition is crucial for those considering finding a Lhasa Apso puppy. In this guide, we explore PDA’s causes, symptoms, treatment options, and responsible breeding advice.

What is patent ductus arteriosus?

The ductus arteriosus is a critical blood vessel present before birth that connects the aorta and pulmonary artery, allowing blood to bypass the lungs while oxygen comes through the mother.

After birth, this vessel is supposed to close within a day or two once the puppy begins breathing air. When it remains open — known as patent ductus arteriosus — abnormal blood flow occurs between these two arteries.

This anomaly causes excess blood to circulate unnecessarily through the heart, overworking this vital organ which, over time, can lead to heart enlargement and failure.

Which Lhasa Apsos are most at risk?

Female puppies are about three times more likely to develop PDA than males, though both genders of Lhasa Apso can be affected. The condition is congenital, meaning it is present from birth.

Signs and symptoms of PDA in Lhasa Apsos

Puppies with PDA often show a distinctive heart murmur detected by a vet using a stethoscope. Symptoms may also include:

• Fatigue or weakness, especially during exercise
• Rapid or laboured breathing
• Coughing caused by fluid buildup
• Poor growth or failure to thrive

Early veterinary examination within days of birth can sometimes detect the abnormal heart sound, though diagnosis may also occur in later puppy check-ups.

Treatment options for PDA

The preferred treatment for Lhasa Apsos with PDA is surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus. Early intervention, ideally performed while the puppy is young and light in weight, gives the best chance for a full recovery.

There are two main surgical techniques:

• Open heart surgery: ligation or tying off the ductus arteriosus to stop abnormal blood flow
• Minimally invasive procedures: using a cardiac catheter to implant devices like the Amplatz Canine Duct Occluder or coils to seal the vessel

Minimally invasive techniques are preferred when possible due to lower risk and quicker recovery times. Post-surgery, most dogs lead healthy lives.

Hereditary considerations and responsible breeding

PDA tends to have a hereditary component, especially among small breeds like the Lhasa Apso. Because of this, breeders should carefully screen breeding stock to reduce PDA occurrence.

Any dog diagnosed with PDA should not be bred, even if surgical correction was successful, to prevent passing the defect on to future generations.

Advice for prospective Lhasa Apso puppy buyers

When looking for a Lhasa Apso puppy, be sure to:

• Ask breeders about heart screening and health checks performed on breeding dogs
• Request information about any history of PDA or other congenital issues in the lineage
• Have the puppy checked early by a trusted vet, paying attention to heart sounds and breathing
• Stay informed about symptoms so you can seek veterinary advice if concerns arise

If a diagnosis of PDA occurs, prompt veterinary cardiology consultation is advised to discuss treatment options. Early surgery significantly improves prognosis and quality of life for affected pups.

Summary

For Lhasa Apso lovers, understanding patent ductus arteriosus and advocating responsible breeding and early veterinary care ensures your companion has the best chance at a long, healthy life.