Polish Lowland Sheepdog Hereditary Health & Testing Guide

The Polish Lowland Sheepdog is a medium-sized, shaggy-coated breed from Poland, known for its robust and lively nature. Males typically stand up to 20 inches tall and weigh up to 50 pounds, with females slightly smaller. Their muscular, stocky bodies have a slightly rectangular shape, accentuated by a dense double-layered coat consisting of a soft undercoat and a rough, often wavy or straight topcoat. The distinctive thick facial fur can obscure their eyes if not properly groomed, necessitating regular trimming or tying back.

The breed displays a wide variety of coat colours and markings, including common shades of grey, white, and brown, with puppies typically darker at birth and lightening with age. The tail is naturally short; historically, it was docked even shorter before docking was banned in the UK.

If you are considering finding a Polish Lowland Sheepdog puppy, undertaking thorough research on the breed's health, longevity, and hereditary issues is vital to responsible pet ownership and ensuring your new companion's wellbeing.

Polish Lowland Sheepdog Longevity

The average lifespan of a Polish Lowland Sheepdog is approximately twelve years, placing the breed in the middle range for dogs of similar size. It is generally considered a robust breed, not prone to widespread health problems, provided it receives proper care and attention.

Genetic Diversity and Inbreeding

The breed has a coefficient of inbreeding around 10.8%, indicating moderate inbreeding to maintain breed viability. Responsible breeders strive to reduce this to 6.25% or lower by selecting less related parents, which helps promote genetic health and reduce inherited disease risks.

Physical Conformation and Grooming Needs

The Polish Lowland Sheepdog has a balanced, well-proportioned build with no extreme features. However, its long, dense coat requires diligent grooming. Regular brushing prevents matting, aids mobility, and ensures clear vision by managing the coat around the eyes. Owners should also watch for signs of overheating during hot weather, as the thick fur can impair temperature regulation.

Hereditary Health Conditions to Know

While generally healthy, Polish Lowland Sheepdog puppies can inherit a few specific health conditions breeders and owners must be aware of:

• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), rcd4 form: A genetic eye disease causing blindness. About 16.7% of tested dogs are affected, and over half are carriers. Genetic testing to identify carriers and avoid breeding affected pups is highly recommended.
• Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid condition, common in many breeds, which affects metabolism and energy levels. Thyroid function tests help identify affected dogs.
• Other eye disorders: Cataracts and other ocular issues occur in a smaller percentage of dogs. Regular veterinary eye checks are advised.
• Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: A neurodegenerative disease leading to limb weakness and coordination problems. There is currently no specific screening test.
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): A congenital heart defect occasionally reported in the breed. No routine screening is available, but cardiac examination can help detect it.
• Type I diabetes: An autoimmune disorder causing insulin deficiency, necessitating lifelong management with insulin injections and blood sugar monitoring.

Recommended Health Testing for Breeders

To promote the health and welfare of the breed, reputable Polish Lowland Sheepdog breeders should consider the following tests for potential parent dogs:

• Hip Dysplasia Scoring: The breed average hip score is 11.8; selecting dogs with scores below this helps reduce joint disease.
• Genetic testing for Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), rcd4 mutation: Avoid breeding from affected or carrier dogs.
• Eye examinations: To identify retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy and cataracts.
• DNA testing for the bobtail gene: Responsible breeding considers tail length genetics.
• Thyroid function screening: To detect hypothyroidism early.
• Genetic diversity monitoring: Use STR and DLA haplotype testing to reduce inbreeding.

Other Health and Nutrition Considerations

The breed may benefit from a low-protein diet to maintain balanced nutrition and lessen predisposition to some health problems. Lifelong management of any autoimmune or degenerative diseases requires veterinary partnership and regular monitoring.

Next Steps for Prospective Owners

If you plan to welcome a Polish Lowland Sheepdog into your family, seek out reputable breeders who prioritise health testing and responsible breeding practices. Understanding hereditary health risks and ensuring health clearances in parent dogs helps improve the wellbeing and lifespan of your future companion.

Maintaining regular vet check-ups, providing proper grooming, nutrition, and exercise will contribute to a happy, healthy Polish Lowland Sheepdog for over a decade.