Pugs and Eye Disorders: How to Recognise and Care

Pugs are one of the most beloved dog breeds in the UK, treasured for their distinctive, charming faces and lively personalities. However, their unique facial structure with large, prominent eyes and a flat face puts them at increased risk of various eye disorders. Recognising the signs early and maintaining proper eye care can significantly improve your pug’s comfort and quality of life.

Common Eye Disorders in Pugs and Signs to Watch For

Pugs are prone to several eye conditions caused mostly by their protruding eyes and brachycephalic (flat-faced) skull shape. These include:

• Corneal Ulcers – painful sores or abrasions on the cornea, resulting from injury or dryness. Signs include squinting, holding the eye closed, redness, or uneven reflections on the eye surface. Prompt veterinary treatment is crucial to prevent serious damage.
• Dry Eye (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca) – insufficient tear production leads to irritation and risk of corneal damage. You might notice redness, excessive blinking, or discharge. It often affects middle-aged and older pugs.
• Entropion – a hereditary condition where the eyelids roll inwards, causing eyelashes to irritate the cornea. This results in discomfort, excessive tearing, and squinting, often requiring surgical correction.
• Inflammation and Irritation – due to exposed eyes, pugs commonly suffer from irritation caused by dust, allergens, or infections. Symptoms include watery or bloodshot eyes, inflammation, and sensitivity to light.
• Cherry Eye – prolapse of the gland of the third eyelid, appearing as a red swollen mass in the inner corner of the eye. Early veterinary intervention helps prevent complications.

Daily Eye Care for Your Pug

Incorporating eye care into your pug’s daily grooming routine helps keep their eyes healthy and reduces the likelihood of many issues. Key care tips include:

• Clean Eyes Regularly: Use a vet-approved or dog-specific eye cleaning solution to gently wipe away any discharge or debris. Clean each eye with a separate wipe to avoid cross-contamination.
• Be Gentle Around the Eyes: Pugs’ eyes are sensitive; handle their face carefully during grooming and avoid any harsh chemicals or irritants in household cleaners near their environment.
• Protect Against Environmental Hazards: Prevent debris or loose hair from irritating their eyes by brushing them frequently, especially during shedding seasons like spring and autumn.
• Know How to Safely Remove Debris: If you notice something in your pug’s eye, flush the eye gently with sterile eye drops formulated for dogs. Avoid poking or rubbing, as this can worsen the problem.

When to Seek Veterinary Advice

Early detection and treatment are essential to avoid long-term damage or vision loss. Contact a vet promptly if you notice:

• Persistent redness or swelling
• Excessive tearing or unusual discharge
• Squinting, pawing at the eye, or signs of pain
• Cloudy or dull appearance of the eye surface
• Visible redness or sudden changes in eye condition

A vet will conduct a thorough eye examination to diagnose the issue and provide appropriate treatment, which may include medication, eye drops, or surgery.

Promoting Responsible Breeding and Care

Many eye disorders in pugs have a hereditary element. Responsible breeders perform health checks and exclude affected dogs from breeding programmes to reduce the prevalence of these conditions in future generations. When acquiring a pug, always look for pug puppies from reputable breeders who prioritise health and temperament.

Conclusion: Keeping Your Pug’s Eyes Healthy

Owning a pug means paying special attention to their eye health due to their breed’s predisposition to several ocular conditions. By recognising early signs, practising daily gentle eye care, and promptly consulting a vet if problems arise, you can help ensure your pug enjoys a happy, comfortable life with clear, healthy eyes.

For those looking to welcome a pug into their family, finding a reputable pug breeder is key to starting on the right paw with a healthy puppy. Remember, responsible ownership and early attention to eye health are vital for the well-being of these charming companions.