Rabbit Basics: Ten Facts Every Owner Should Know

If you are considering buying your first pet rabbit, or even if you have owned one before and are thinking of getting another, it is important to do plenty of research into rabbits as a species and the particular needs attached to each different breed. This article covers ten essential facts every potential rabbit owner should know to provide the best care possible.

1. Rabbits Are Social Companions Needing Company

Rabbits are naturally social animals and should not be kept alone. Without a companion, they can become lonely and unhappy, which affects their wellbeing and longevity. Responsible ownership means planning to keep at least two rabbits together, ideally spayed or neutered to avoid unplanned litters. For example, a female rabbit can produce a litter every 30 days, which can quickly become overwhelming. Spaying also protects females from common uterine cancers and helps reduce behavioural issues like aggression or spraying.

2. Choosing Safe Bedding is Crucial for Health

Not all bedding materials are safe for rabbits; avoidance of scented products, especially those with aromatic cedar or pine, is essential as they release harmful oils that can cause respiratory problems and liver damage. Use safe, rabbit-friendly bedding like untreated wood pellets or paper-based substrates to keep your pet comfortable and healthy.

3. Litter Training Benefits Both Owner and Rabbit

Similar to cats, rabbits can learn to use a litter tray, which is especially helpful for rabbits living indoors. However, the type of litter is very important. Avoid clay or clumping cat litters as they can cause digestive blockages if ingested and dusty litters can harm their sensitive respiratory systems. Approved paper or wood pellet litters work best.

4. Rabbit-Proofing Your Home and Garden Protects Your Pet

Rabbits need to chew to keep their teeth healthy, but they often chew on dangerous household items like electrical cables or loose carpets. Viewing your home and garden from your rabbit’s perspective can help you identify and remove potential hazards. Creating safe spaces and supervising roaming time will prevent accidents and promote wellbeing.

5. A Hay-Based Diet is Vital for Health

While rabbit pellets and occasional treats like fruits and vegetables are common, the majority of a rabbit’s diet must be grass or hay. High-quality hay such as timothy or orchard grass should be freely available as it supports constant digestion and helps prevent serious health problems. If your rabbit does not eat regularly, it can suffer digestive blockages requiring urgent veterinary care.

6. Never Punish Aggressive or Shy Rabbits

Rabbits are sensitive and do not understand punishment like humans or dogs. Harsh treatment can worsen fear or aggression. Instead, patience and gentle handling encourage trust and calm behaviour over time.

7. Access to Specialist Veterinary Care is Essential

Though most vets in the UK treat rabbits, more complex diagnostics or treatments may require an exotic pet specialist. Establishing which nearby vets offer suitable care will ensure that your rabbit receives the best possible treatment when needed.

8. Recognise Emergency Signs Immediately

Loss of appetite or watery stools, which might be minor in other pets, are urgent emergencies for rabbits. If your rabbit shows any of these signs, contact your vet immediately to prevent serious complications.

9. Learn Basic Rabbit Health and Disease Prevention

Familiarising yourself with common rabbit health issues such as dental disease, ear mites, digestive troubles, and flystrike can help in early detection and treatment. Vaccinations against ailments like myxomatosis protect your rabbit from serious diseases, so vaccinate your pet as soon as it is old enough.

10. Rabbits Are Delicate Pets, Not Ideal for Young Children

While affectionate, rabbits are fragile and can easily be harmed by rough or unsupervised handling. Only older children with experience should be entrusted with their full-time care to ensure the rabbits’ safety and happiness.

Owning a rabbit is a wonderful and rewarding experience that requires commitment, knowledge, and care. Ensuring you understand and prepare for these key aspects will help your rabbit thrive as a happy and healthy companion.

For those looking to find rabbits for sale, it is important to choose reputable breeders or rescues that prioritise health and ethical treatment.