Why Children Are More Likely to Be Bitten by Dogs: Key Insights

Evidence consistently shows that children are far more likely than adults to be bitten by dogs, and to suffer more serious injuries when bites do occur. Understanding why this is the case is essential for reducing incidents and keeping families safe.

Why children are more vulnerable

Children, particularly those under nine years old, are the most common victims of dog bites. In children, the head, face and neck are the areas most frequently injured, whereas in adults bites tend to involve the limbs. There are several reasons for this increased vulnerability.

Children have a very limited ability to read canine body language. They do not recognise warning signals such as growling, a stiff posture, a fixed stare, a lowered tail or flattened ears — signals that adults can detect and use to assess risk. Children also run, shout and make sudden, unpredictable movements, and are prone to making direct eye contact with dogs, which is a threat signal in canine communication. Their height puts them at face level with many dogs, increasing the risk of facial injury. The impulsive nature of childhood means children may hug dogs, disturb them while eating or sleeping, or approach unfamiliar dogs without asking an adult.

The family dog bites too

One of the most dangerous misconceptions is the belief that a familiar dog would never bite. The majority of dog bites to children occur with the family own dog or that of a friend or relative, often in the absence of adult supervision. The risk is not confined to unfamiliar dogs.

Dog-related factors that increase risk

Dogs that are poorly socialised, stressed, in pain, resource-guarding or with a history of aggressive behaviour carry a higher risk. Even so, any dog can bite under extreme stress. Size is not the only factor — small dogs can cause serious facial injuries to a young child.

Prevention: education and supervision

The most effective preventive measures are straightforward. Never leave a child unsupervised with a dog, even the family pet. Teach children to recognise signs of canine stress and to avoid disturbing dogs while they are eating, sleeping or caring for puppies. Socialise and train dogs using positive methods from puppyhood. The RSPCA and Dogs Trust both offer free educational resources for families. Prevention starts at home and requires active involvement from adults at all times. If you are looking to add a dog to your family, find puppies for sale on Pets4Homes from responsible breeders who prioritise good temperament.