Retinal dysplasia in dogs is an eye condition causing abnormal clumps or folds, called “rosettes,” to form in the retina’s sensitive tissue. Usually inherited genetically, this condition affects a variety of popular dog breeds in the UK. While it can impair vision, retinal dysplasia is painless and non-progressive, meaning it does not worsen over time.
Learn more about retinal dysplasia’s causes, the types affecting dogs, breeds most at risk, and how to manage this condition responsibly.
The retina is made up of two layers that should develop together to form a healthy visual surface. Retinal dysplasia occurs when these layers fail to develop correctly, creating folds or creases in the retina.
Most cases are hereditary and passed down through specific breed lines. Other causes include vitamin A deficiency, eye trauma, and viral infections like canine herpesvirus, which can affect puppies if the mother is infected during pregnancy.
Retinal dysplasia is most commonly inherited, with certain UK breeds exhibiting predisposition. Responsible breeders use DNA testing to minimise breeding dogs with this condition. Breeds commonly affected include:
Retinal dysplasia usually shows no obvious signs easily seen by owners. Dogs might show signs of impaired vision such as clumsiness, bumping into objects, or hesitance when navigating stairs or unfamiliar environments.
Definitive diagnosis requires an examination by a veterinary ophthalmologist using special instruments like an otoscope. For breeds with genetic predispositions, DNA tests can help identify carriers before breeding.
There is currently no cure or treatment to reverse retinal dysplasia. Management focuses on helping dogs adjust to any vision loss, which is usually stable and non-progressive.
Dogs affected by retinal dysplasia should never be used for breeding to prevent passing the condition to future generations. Responsible breeding practices and health screening are key to reducing the incidence of retinal dysplasia.
Many dogs live happy, fulfilling lives with retinal dysplasia when provided with a stable, safe environment and regular veterinary care.
Quick Answer: Yes, most dogs with retinal dysplasia live full, happy lives. Their vision impairment is stable, and they often adapt well to their environment with owner support.
Although vision loss may occur to varying degrees depending on the type, retinal dysplasia does not worsen over time. Owners can help by making homes safe and providing support when introducing new surroundings. Regular veterinary check-ups are important to monitor any additional age-related eye conditions.
Retinal dysplasia is a genetic condition, so ethical breeding is essential to reduce its prevalence. Always seek puppies from reputable breeders who conduct health screenings.