Saluki Dog Health, Hereditary Issues and Longevity Guide

The Saluki dog is an ancient breed of sighthound, also called the Arabian greyhound or Sloughi, famed for its grace and history alongside nomadic tribes of the Middle East. Tall and elegant, they come in smooth or feathered coat varieties. Known for their friendly and affectionate nature, Salukis can sometimes be stubborn, requiring patient handling and committed ownership.

Adult males stand up to 28 inches tall and weigh up to 27kg, with females slightly smaller. Their deep chests, long legs, and curved tails make them built for stamina and speed. The breed’s coat colours vary widely, including black and tan, white, cream, and fawn.

If you love large yet less common sighthounds, the Saluki may be a rewarding companion. This guide explores their average lifespan, hereditary health issues, and recommended testing, helping prospective or current owners ensure the best care for these noble dogs.

Average Lifespan of the Saluki

Salukis enjoy a relatively long lifespan for a large breed, averaging around 13 years. Generally, their longevity spans from 10 to 17 years, with some individuals reaching mid to late teens. This lifespan reflects their robust health relative to comparable breeds, though individual outcomes vary due to genetics and care.

Genetic Health Concerns and Hereditary Conditions

Although Salukis are generally healthy, they have a few hereditary conditions of note. Responsible breeders use genetic screening to reduce the risk of passing on these disorders.

• Saluki Encephalopathy (SE): A recessive genetic neurological disease causing seizures, abnormal gait, and unusual behaviour typically appearing within the first 10 weeks. Dogs with two copies of the defective gene are affected, while carriers appear healthy but can pass the condition on.
• Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: This rare lysosomal storage disorder causes neurological deterioration including blindness, loss of coordination, and seizures, usually in young adulthood.
• Cancer: The leading cause of death in Salukis, particularly liver cancer and lymphoma, with hemangiosarcoma also reported. Although unfortunate, cancer risk underscores the need for regular veterinary health checks.
• Heart Disease: Including heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and murmurs, cardiac issues are significant mortality factors. Early detection via veterinary screening could save lives.
• Dental Disease: Salukis may develop early dental issues, requiring regular brushing and professional cleanings to maintain oral health and comfort.
• Hip Dysplasia: While uncommon and of very low prevalence in the breed, hip dysplasia is still a consideration. Screening hip scores help breeders select for healthier hips.
• Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid can cause lethargy and weight gain. Early diagnosis and treatment are important.

Health Testing and Responsible Breeding

The Kennel Club and British Veterinary Association recommend pre-breeding screenings, particularly for hip dysplasia, to maintain breed health. Saluki breeders aim for parent dogs with hip scores below the breed average to reduce this risk.

Genetic testing for neurological disorders like Saluki Encephalopathy is advised to avoid producing affected puppies. This ethical approach fosters breed vitality while safeguarding puppy welfare.

Conformation and Health Considerations

The Saluki’s lean but robust frame avoids extreme exaggerations common in some breeds, contributing to their general fitness and resilience. Their deep chest, though narrow, may carry some risk of bloat or gastric torsion—a known concern for deep-chested breeds. Owners should be aware and take preventative measures such as feeding smaller meals and avoiding vigorous exercise immediately after eating.

Summary and Caring for Your Saluki

Salukis are graceful, affectionate, and generally healthy companions with an average lifespan of about 13 years. They require careful health screening by breeders and dedicated, informed owners to address their specific hereditary risks. Regular veterinary care, nutritional management, and mental enrichment will contribute to their wellbeing.

When considering a Saluki, seek out reputable breeders who prioritise health testing and ethical breeding practices. This ensures you welcome a healthy puppy likely to live a long and happy life.