Scottish Outdoor Access Code: What Every Dog Owner Should Know

Scotland is renowned for its open access to the countryside, thanks to the statutory rights of public access and the Scottish Outdoor Access Code (SOAC). This code guides everyone on enjoying the outdoors responsibly, especially dog owners who walk their furry companions amidst farmland, wildlife, and other public spaces.

While you might feel free to roam with your dog across Scotland’s beautiful landscapes, it’s important to understand how to do so responsibly, respecting both the environment and others using the land. Here’s what every dog owner should know about the Scottish Outdoor Access Code and their obligations under it.

What is the Scottish Outdoor Access Code?

The SOAC promotes three main principles for all outdoor users:

• Take responsibility for your own actions and those of your dog.
• Respect the interests of other people enjoying the countryside.
• Care for the environment, including wildlife, plants, and habitats.

For dog owners, this means understanding where and how to control your dog, ensuring both their safety and the safety of others.

Why should dog owners follow the SOAC?

Dogs can unintentionally cause distress or harm if not properly controlled. They might worry or attack livestock such as sheep, cows, or horses, potentially leading to serious agricultural losses. Disturbance of wildlife, especially during breeding seasons, can also harm native species. Responsible dog ownership under the SOAC helps prevent these issues.

Key areas where dogs must be kept under close control

1. Fields with cows or horses: Your dog must be under close control or on a short lead (2 metres or less) to avoid spooking these large animals. Ideally, avoid these fields where possible.
2. Sheep fields: Dogs can confuse and panic sheep, especially those guided by working dogs. Keep your dog close or on a lead, and never allow barking near sheep.
3. Ground-nesting bird areas: From April to July, keep your dog on a lead in moorland, forests, grasslands, and coastal areas to protect breeding birds.
4. Reservoirs and public water supplies: Dogs should be kept on leads and away from water intakes to avoid contamination.
5. Recreational and public spaces: Keep your dog close, especially in parks, sports fields, and places where children gather. This helps prevent disturbance and accidents.
6. Fields with crops: Avoid these unless a clear path is provided. Dog faeces can spread diseases harmful to humans and animals, so always pick up dog waste.
7. General control everywhere: Your dog should be obedient and respond immediately to commands. If unsure, use a short lead to maintain control and keep your dog safe.

Understanding “close control” and lead rules

“Close control” means your dog responds immediately to your commands. If you lack confidence in their recall or responsiveness, a lead of 2 metres or shorter is recommended, which is the standard set by the SOAC. This not only protects livestock and wildlife, but also other people enjoying the outdoors.

Additional responsible dog ownership tips

• Always clean up after your dog with suitable bags and dispose of waste responsibly.
• Never let your dog roam freely near farm animals, wildlife breeding grounds, or public water sources.
• Be mindful of seasonal wildlife activity and adjust your dog’s walking routes and control accordingly.
• Respect private property and areas excluded from public access rights, such as houses, gardens, and farm buildings.

Consequences of not following the Scottish Outdoor Access Code

While the SOAC itself is guidance, failure to comply may lead to serious consequences under the Animals Act 1987. For example, farmers have the legal right to take action, including shooting a dog if it is worrying or attacking their livestock. This highlights the importance of abiding by the code to keep your dog safe and protect others.

By following the Scottish Outdoor Access Code, you contribute positively to Scotland’s rich outdoor heritage, maintaining access for all and safeguarding the environment, livestock, and fellow outdoor enthusiasts.

For more about responsible dog walking in Scotland, see the official Scottish Outdoor Access Code dog owners guide.

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