6 Important Facts Every Dog Owner Should Know About Kennel Cough

Kennel cough is a well-known canine health issue that is highly contagious and can rapidly spread among dog populations. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and prevention methods can help dog owners protect their pets effectively.

This guide shares six important facts every dog owner should know about kennel cough to maintain their dog's health and wellbeing.

1. Kennel cough is highly contagious and spreads rapidly among dogs

This respiratory infection easily travels between dogs, especially in environments where many dogs gather such as kennels, dog parks, grooming salons, and daycare centres. Transmission occurs via airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing, direct contact with an infected dog, or by sharing contaminated objects like food or water bowls. Maintaining vigilance and good hygiene in communal dog areas is essential.

2. Kennel cough is caused by multiple pathogens

The condition results from a combination of viral and bacterial agents. The primary bacterial cause is Bordetella bronchiseptica. Often, viral agents such as canine parainfluenza, adenovirus, distemper virus, and influenza virus contribute alongside bacteria, making it a complex infection. This co-infection means prevention and treatment must be carefully managed under veterinary guidance.

3. Kennel cough produces a distinctive, powerful cough

The hallmark symptom is a loud, dry, hacking or honking cough which is quite different from a normal cough or cold. Other symptoms might include sneezing, runny nose, and eye discharge. In more severe cases, dogs may display lethargy or loss of appetite. Recognising this cough early can prompt timely veterinary care.

4. The infection irritates and inflames the upper respiratory tract

Kennel cough primarily inflames the larynx (voice box) and trachea (windpipe), causing the cough and respiratory discomfort. This inflammation explains why the coughing is harsh and persistent. Stress and environmental factors like poor ventilation or cold weather can worsen symptoms.

5. Special care at home is needed when your dog has kennel cough

If your dog is diagnosed with kennel cough, they will require rest and warmth to support recovery. Exercise should be limited until symptoms resolve. Because the infection is contagious, keeping your dog isolated from others during recovery is vital to prevent spread. Follow your vet’s advice carefully and monitor your dog for worsening signs.

6. Vaccination protects your dog and helps reduce severity

Vaccinating against kennel cough, typically with a nasal spray vaccine that covers Bordetella bronchiseptica, significantly lowers the risk of infection. Even if your dog is exposed, vaccinated dogs tend to have milder symptoms. Ensure your dog’s vaccination records are current, with annual boosters including kennel cough protection, especially if your dog boards, attends day care, or socialises frequently.

Additional Insight: Antibiotics and species risk

Antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial cause is confirmed, but not all kennel cough cases respond to antibiotics since some are viral in origin. Also, while kennel cough is mainly a canine condition, Bordetella bronchiseptica can theoretically infect cats and humans with compromised immune systems, though such cases are rare. Responsible pet owners should be aware of this and take appropriate hygiene measures.

Conclusion

Kennel cough is a common and contagious respiratory infection in dogs that can be managed effectively with awareness, vaccination, and proper care. Recognising symptoms early, providing your dog with rest and isolation during recovery, and keeping vaccinations up to date play major roles in maintaining your dog's health and preventing the spread to others.

To find a healthy puppy, select from reputable breeders who prioritise vaccination and health screening, helping ensure your dog starts life strongly protected against infections like kennel cough.