Bullmastiff FAQs: Essential Info for Prospective Owners

The bullmastiff is a large Molosser-type dog breed that was developed in the 19th century as estate gamekeeper’s dogs to protect properties against poachers. Combining bloodlines from the English mastiff and the Old English bulldog, it became recognised as a distinct breed in 1924. Known for their physical strength, calm nature, and ability as silent guardians, bullmastiffs make loyal family pets in homes where they get plenty of attention and appropriate care.

1. What is the origin and historical background of the bullmastiff?

The bullmastiff was bred in the 1860s by British gamekeepers who crossed the English mastiff with the Old English bulldog to create a powerful and loyal guard dog. Their role was to silently track, pin down, and hold intruders without unnecessary aggression, making them excellent protectors of large estates. This heritage has shaped their confident, intelligent, and calm temperament, which persists today.

2. How does the bullmastiff look and what are typical sizes?

This breed is large and muscular with a broad skull and square body. Their short, dense coat usually comes in fawn, red, or brindle colours, often with black markings especially on the head. Males stand around 25 to 27 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 50 to 59 kilograms, while females are slightly smaller, between 24 to 26 inches tall and weighing 45 to 54 kilograms. Their ears are V-shaped and high-set, and their eyes are dark hazel.

3. Is the bullmastiff a good family dog and how do they behave with children and other pets?

Bullmastiffs generally bond closely with their families and are affectionate, especially towards children. They tolerate childlike behaviour with notable patience, though their large size means supervision with small children is essential to prevent accidental injury. Socialisation from a young age helps them adapt well to other dogs, and often they accept other household pets like cats when properly introduced. Their calm and watchful nature makes them excellent family companions and protectors.

4. Are bullmastiffs effective guard dogs?

Yes, bullmastiffs are among the best guard dogs. They are protective and intelligent, applying sound judgement rather than rushing into confrontation. They typically bark only to alert or warn of strangers and are capable of strong defensive action if necessary. Their natural guarding instincts mean they will usually wait for their owner's direction before engaging, making them reliable and controlled when protecting their home and family.

5. What exercise and lifestyle do bullmastiffs require?

Bullmastiffs enjoy being near their human family and will often rest quietly around the home, relishing companionship and affection. They require moderate exercise, such as two reasonably long daily walks, but they do not have demanding stamina or high energy levels. They can tolerate being left alone for reasonable periods but thrive best when included in family life and given companionship.

6. How easy are bullmastiffs to train and what approach works best?

Training a bullmastiff requires firm, consistent, and positive reinforcement methods with clear boundaries. They are intelligent but can be independent thinkers, so early socialisation and obedience training help avoid behavioural problems. Commands should be basic and clear, as complex tricks are less suited for this breed. Managing their guarding instincts carefully is important in a domestic setting to ensure a calm and well-mannered dog.

7. Are bullmastiffs prone to health problems?

Bullmastiffs have a typical lifespan of around seven to eight years, which is common for large breeds. They can develop several inherited health conditions including hip and elbow dysplasia, affecting roughly 15-25% of individuals. Other issues include entropion (eyelid abnormality), hypothyroidism, lymphoma, and a dominant genetic condition called progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) which causes blindness. Responsible breeding and regular veterinary check-ups are essential to reduce these risks and maintain a healthy pet.

8. Do bullmastiffs slobber a lot?

Due to their floppy lips, bullmastiffs can be prone to drooling. This varies from dog to dog, with some producing more saliva than others. Prospective owners should be prepared for some slobber but understand it is normal for the breed and can be managed with regular grooming and wiping.

9. How to find a reputable bullmastiff breeder or puppy?

If you decide to welcome a bullmastiff puppy into your home, it's vital to choose a reputable breeder who prioritises health, temperament, and responsible breeding practices. Look for breeders registered with the Kennel Club or similar organisations, who provide health screenings for hereditary conditions, socialise their puppies well, and support new owners with guidance. Avoid puppy mills or unlicensed sellers to ensure your new companion is healthy, well-adjusted, and ethically raised.

Responsible ownership encompasses providing a loving environment, suitable exercise, consistent training, and regular health care to ensure your bullmastiff enjoys a happy, fulfilling life as a loyal family guardian.