Spondylosis Deformans: Understanding Your Dog’s Spine Disorder

Spondylosis Deformans is a degenerative spine disorder affecting many dogs, characterised by the development of bone spurs (osteophytes) along the edges of the vertebrae. These bony growths particularly affect the lower back and can cause discomfort and reduced mobility in ageing dogs or those with spinal injuries.

Causes and Risk Factors for Spondylosis Deformans

The exact cause of spondylosis deformans is not fully understood; however, several factors are known to contribute to the condition:

• Spinal injuries such as slipped discs (intervertebral disc disease) can trigger spur formation.
• Repeated stress or over-exercise putting pressure on joints and vertebrae.
• Congenital deformities or inherent spinal abnormalities.
• Natural ageing processes leading to degeneration of spinal discs.

It is crucial to understand that this condition generally develops gradually and may be more pronounced in certain breeds or larger dogs.

Breeds and Dogs Most Susceptible to Spondylosis

Older dogs, especially in their middle or senior years, have a higher tendency to develop spondylosis deformans. Larger breeds tend to be more predisposed, although cases occur in medium and smaller breeds as well. Research highlights several breeds that seem more affected:

• Boxer puppies are commonly reported with this condition.
• German Shepherd puppies have shown predisposition.
• Airedale Terrier puppies may also be at risk.
• Cocker Spaniel puppies can be affected.
• Dachshund puppies have a known susceptibility due to their long backs.

While size may be a factor, the condition can affect various breeds, emphasising the importance of monitoring spinal health regardless of breed size.

Signs and Symptoms to Recognise Early

Symptoms of spondylosis deformans usually develop subtly and may not be visible initially. However, attentive observation can help detect early signs such as:

• Stiffness, especially after resting or inactivity.
• A reluctance or hesitation to move or jump.
• Showing pain or sensitivity when the spine or back is touched, often flinching or moving away.
• Chronic discomfort or behavioural changes like decreased playfulness.

If you notice these signs, prompt veterinary evaluation can help in early diagnosis and management.

Diagnosing Spondylosis Deformans in Dogs

A thorough diagnosis involves the vet reviewing your dog’s full medical history and performing a detailed physical examination focused on spinal assessment. Diagnostic tests commonly include:

• Blood tests including full blood count, biochemical profile, urinalysis, and electrolyte panel to rule out other health conditions.
• X-rays of the spine, chest, and abdomen to visualize bone spurs and spinal changes.

This comprehensive approach ensures accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.

Treatment Options and Pain Management

Treatment aims to alleviate pain, preserve mobility, and improve quality of life since spondylosis deformans is typically progressive. Interventions include:

• Medication: Pain relief and anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed by the vet.
• Restricted exercise: Avoidance of strenuous activities that worsen spinal stress.
• Hospital care: In severe cases with nerve or tissue damage, hospitalisation and possible surgical intervention may be necessary.
• Alternative therapies: Acupuncture has shown promise in managing pain and improving comfort.

Early treatment often leads to better outcomes, underscoring the need for timely veterinary care.

Prognosis and Long-Term Care

The outlook for dogs with spondylosis deformans varies. Early detection and comprehensive management help keep your dog comfortable and mobile, though the prognosis is often guarded due to the degenerative nature of the disease. Important after-care steps include:

• Regular veterinary check-ups to monitor the condition.
• Maintaining a calm and low-stress environment.
• Administering prescribed medications consistently.
• Controlled exercise tailored by the vet to prevent strain.

If spondylosis goes unnoticed or untreated, managing pain becomes more difficult, and the quality of life can decline significantly.

Living with a Dog Diagnosed with Spondylosis Deformans

Caring for a dog with spondylosis requires patience and attention. You should:

• Follow veterinary guidance closely on medication and exercise.
• Make your home comfortable with easy access to favourite resting spots.
• Avoid activities that involve jumping or twisting to protect the spine.
• Observe for any changes in mobility or pain and consult your vet promptly.

Creating a supportive environment will help your dog live a happy, pain-managed life despite this challenging condition.