Stomach Ulcers in Dogs: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment Guide

Many dog owners may be unaware that stomach ulcers can affect their pets, causing pain and distress. Stomach ulcers in dogs occur when the protective lining of the stomach or intestines is damaged, allowing stomach acid to erode the tissue, leading to painful sores. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help you provide timely care and improve your dog’s health.

What Are Stomach Ulcers in Dogs?

Commonly called gastric or gastrointestinal ulcers, stomach ulcers are open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach or small intestine. These ulcers form when the mucosal barrier protecting the stomach lining is compromised. This barrier normally shields the tissue from corrosive stomach acids, but when damaged, it allows acid to eat into the tissue, causing painful ulcers that can deepen over time.

Which Dogs Are Most at Risk of Developing Stomach Ulcers?

Stomach ulcers can affect dogs of any breed or age, though older and mature dogs are more commonly affected. Certain breeds such as the Rottweiler puppies can be more predisposed to stomach lining perforations that promote ulcer formation. It's important to be vigilant, especially if your dog falls into these higher-risk categories.

Common Causes of Stomach Ulcers in Dogs

Several factors can lead to ulcer development in dogs. The most frequent causes include:

• Prolonged use or high doses of certain medications, particularly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids like prednisone.
• Ingestion of toxic or poisonous substances, including some plants and chemicals.
• Excessive acidity in the stomach.
• Chronic stress or anxiety impacting the digestive system.
• Presence of tumours, cysts, or other growths damaging the stomach lining.
• Severe injuries or systemic disease affecting the body’s protective mechanisms.
• Heavy infestation of intestinal worms left untreated.
• Viral, bacterial, or fungal infections that compromise mucosal integrity.
• Liver, kidney, urinary tract, or bowel diseases that influence stomach health.
• Untreated food allergies sensitising the stomach lining.

Recognising Symptoms of Stomach Ulcers in Dogs

Ulcers can progress unnoticed until quite advanced. Symptoms can be subtle but should never be ignored. Common signs to watch out for include:

• Discomfort or acute pain around the stomach or abdomen.
• Reduced appetite or reluctance to eat.
• Frequent vomiting, especially if vomit contains blood.
• Blood in stools, often black and tarry resembling coffee grounds.
• Weakness, lethargy, or depression.
• Pale gums indicating anaemia.

If your dog exhibits one or a combination of these symptoms, it’s essential to seek veterinary advice promptly.

Diagnosing Stomach Ulcers in Dogs

Because symptoms overlap with many other conditions, veterinary diagnostics are vital. Diagnosis often involves:

• Detailed medical history and physical examination including abdominal palpation.
• Blood tests to check for anaemia or signs of infection.
• Stool analysis for blood presence.
• Diagnostic imaging such as X-rays and ultrasound to assess the stomach wall and nearby organs.
• Endoscopy to directly visualise the ulcers and possibly take biopsies.

Treatment Options for Canine Stomach Ulcers

There isn’t a direct surgical or medicinal cure for the ulcer itself; instead, treatment focuses on:

• Identifying and addressing the underlying cause, such as discontinuing harmful medications or treating infections or tumours.
• Medications to reduce stomach acid and protect the mucosal lining, like proton pump inhibitors or sucralfate.
• Pain management and supportive care including fluid therapy and nutritional support.
• In severe cases, if bleeding is significant, blood transfusions or surgery for perforations or tumours might be necessary.

Your veterinary surgeon will tailor treatment to your dog’s specific needs, providing guidance and ongoing monitoring throughout recovery.

Preventing Stomach Ulcers and Supporting Your Dog’s Digestive Health

Responsible pet care can reduce risk factors and promote stomach health. Some practical steps include:

• Use medications responsibly, only as prescribed by a vet and avoid overuse of NSAIDs.
• Prevent exposure to toxic substances and plants.
• Manage stress through regular exercise, mental stimulation, and a stable environment.
• Keep your dog’s worming routine updated and monitor closely for any signs of infestation.
• Feed a balanced, digestible diet and address any food sensitivities or allergies promptly.

Early detection and veterinary involvement can make a significant difference in outcomes.

When to Consult Your Vet

If your dog shows persistent vomiting, signs of abdominal pain, blood in vomit or stools, or any other concerning changes in appetite or behaviour, please consult your vet immediately. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are invaluable in helping dogs recover fully and maintain their quality of life.

For more in-depth guidance on canine health issues or pet care, it’s advisable to connect with reputable breeders and veterinary professionals to ensure you get reliable support tailored to your dog’s needs.

Remember: Your dog’s health and happiness depend on your attentive care and collaboration with your vet.