10 things to know before buying a Shih Tzu puppy

The Shih Tzu is consistently one of the top ten most popular dog breeds in the UK. These small, elegant dogs make wonderful companions suited to a variety of homes and lifestyles, including first-time dog owners.

Despite their delicate appearance, Shih Tzus are not classified as toy dogs by the Kennel Club but rather fall into the utility group. Historically, they served as watchdogs in Tibetan monasteries, alerting monks to intruders with their distinctive barking.

1. Shih Tzus aren’t toy dogs but good watchdogs

Their vigilant nature means they make excellent watchdogs who will alert owners to unfamiliar visitors. However, due to their small size and gentle temperament, they do not serve as guard dogs.

2. They tend to be quite vocal

Shih Tzus often bark frequently, sometimes for little reason. This vocal trait reflects their watchdog heritage but can be challenging for owners to manage, particularly to prevent disturbance to neighbours.

3. Shih Tzus have modest intelligence levels

Ranked low in canine working intelligence, Shih Tzus may require patience and repeated training efforts. They often need many repetitions to learn commands and may only respond intermittently initially, so consistent positive reinforcement is key.

4. Their luxurious coats require significant grooming

Shih Tzus have a long, flowing double coat that needs daily brushing to avoid tangles and matting. Regular professional grooming every 4-6 weeks is recommended if you keep the coat long, but clipping the coat shorter can make home care more manageable while changing their appearance.

5. Shih Tzus need regular exercise but aren’t high energy

A couple of short walks per day, about 30 minutes each, typically suffice to meet their exercise needs. They enjoy indoor play but generally do not demand vigorous activity, making them good for less active owners or apartment living.

6. They dislike being left alone and thrive on companionship

Separation anxiety is common if left alone for long periods. Starting training early to acclimatise puppies to short alone times is vital. Ideally, Shih Tzus need company during most of the day to be happy and well-adjusted.

7. Shih Tzus are brachycephalic with related health considerations

The breed’s short muzzle causes brachycephalic airway syndrome, which can lead to breathing difficulties, especially in hot weather or during vigorous activity. Owners should be mindful to prevent overheating and consult vets for possible surgical options if severe breathing issues arise.

8. Common health concerns include eye, dental, and joint issues

Due to their prominent eyes, Shih Tzus are prone to eye injuries and conditions like corneal ulcers or dry eye. Dental problems such as periodontal disease are frequent, requiring regular dental care. Joint problems like patella luxation also occur, so care during exercise is important.

9. Grooming involves more than just coat care

Alongside brushing and trimming, routine grooming includes nail clipping every 3-4 weeks, regular ear cleaning to prevent infections, and dental hygiene with weekly teeth brushing. Starting grooming education early in puppies reduces stress during these necessary routines.

10. They are a suitable choice for first-time dog owners with awareness

While generally straightforward to care for, Shih Tzus require a dedicated owner who understands their grooming needs, potential health risks, and social requirements. Meeting a variety of Shih Tzus and researching reputable breeders or adoption options helps ensure a well-informed decision.

Before committing to a Shih Tzu, use the comprehensive guidance above and always consider adopting from reputable sources. Responsible ownership includes understanding their daily care, health, and emotional needs to offer your pet a happy, healthy life.