Welsh Springer Spaniels and Glaucoma: Inherited Eye Care Guide

First bred as working dogs, the Welsh Springer Spaniel has become a beloved family pet known for its affectionate nature and striking appearance. Despite their robust health, this breed is predisposed to certain inherited health conditions, with glaucoma being a significant concern for Welsh Springer owners and breeders.

Understanding Glaucoma in Welsh Springer Spaniels

Glaucoma in Welsh Springer Spaniels is primarily a painful, inherited eye condition called primary closed angle glaucoma (or narrow-angle glaucoma). It occurs due to an abnormality in the eye's drainage angle, medically known as goniodysgenesis or pectinate ligament dysplasia. This structural defect impedes the fluid outflow within the eye, resulting in a dangerous build-up of pressure that can cause severe pain and, if untreated, blindness in the affected eye.

This condition most commonly affects middle-aged dogs and can manifest with symptoms such as a red, swollen, or cloudy eye, reluctance to be touched around the head, changes in behaviour, and eventual vision loss. Because the condition is inherited, it is crucial for breeders and owners to be aware and proactive in managing risks.

Early Diagnosis and Veterinary Eye Specialist Testing

Veterinary ophthalmologists can test for this condition as early as six months old by examining the drainage angle of the eye using specialised contact lenses combined with local anaesthetic drops for comfort. This enables early identification of affected dogs or carriers, allowing breeders to make responsible decisions to reduce the risk of passing glaucoma to puppies.

While DNA testing per se is not a simple genetic test, the examination of the drainage angle is vital and considered a standard screening procedure in reputable breeding programmes. Regular eye examinations for breeding Welsh Springers significantly contribute to reducing the incidence of glaucoma in the breed.

Treating Glaucoma in Welsh Springer Spaniels

Although glaucoma can be a serious, often debilitating condition, treatment aims to relieve the painful pressure in the eye and preserve vision as long as possible. Common treatment involves pressure-reducing eye drops administered several times daily and, in some cases, surgical procedures to improve fluid drainage.

Unfortunately, even with treatment, many dogs may eventually face vision loss or require eye removal to alleviate suffering. However, ongoing research is helping vets develop more effective therapies and early intervention strategies.

Responsible Breeding and Owner Awareness

Reputable UK Welsh Springer Spaniel breeders are committed to responsible practices, ensuring the dogs used for breeding undergo thorough eye examinations to screen out hereditary glaucoma. By choosing a well-established breeder who prioritises health testing, prospective owners can reduce the likelihood of glaucoma affecting their puppy later in life.

If considering adopting an older Welsh Springer, know that many rescue centres will provide health disclosures, including any eye conditions, so you can make an informed choice.

Summary and Next Steps for Owners

Glaucoma in Welsh Springer Spaniels is a genetically linked, painful eye disease with significant welfare implications. Early detection through veterinary eye examinations, responsible breeding practices, and prompt veterinary care are key to managing this condition.

Owners noticing signs such as a red or swollen eye, behavioural changes, or vision problems should seek veterinary attention promptly, as glaucoma is a medical emergency requiring swift intervention.

By staying informed and working with trusted breeders and vets, you can help safeguard your Welsh Springer Spaniel’s eye health and overall well-being.