How to Reduce Your Dog's Risk of Kennel Cough: Essential Steps
Kennel cough, scientifically known as infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection in dogs, caused by various bacteria and viruses including Bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza virus. Fortunately, UK vets provide clear, evidence-based strategies to help you reduce your dog's risk of this condition and keep them healthier for longer.
Vaccinate your dog with the correct kennel cough vaccine
Vaccination is the cornerstone of kennel cough prevention. Unlike core vaccinations, the kennel cough vaccine is given as an add-on, commonly via intranasal (nasal spray), oral, or in some cases injectable forms. The intranasal vaccine provides local mucosal immunity and is effective from eight weeks of age. However, it requires at least five days post-vaccination to become protective. Oral vaccines, also used increasingly, take about three weeks to be fully effective.
Annual boosters are crucial because immunity wanes over time, so even if your dog was vaccinated previously, they should receive revaccination every twelve months to maintain protection. When planning boarding or day care, make sure your dog receives this vaccine at least five days (intranasal) or three weeks (oral) before exposure to other dogs.
Start vaccination early and be cautious with puppies
Puppies are particularly vulnerable to kennel cough and other infections due to their immature immune systems and lack of previous exposure. Vaccination should begin at eight weeks. Until fully vaccinated and immune, avoid taking puppies to high-risk environments such as busy dog parks, kennels, or classes where unknown dogs gather. Keep puppies indoors or in controlled settings to minimise exposure to contagious infections.
Limit your dog’s exposure to high-risk environments
During kennel cough outbreaks, avoid crowded dog walking areas, doggy daycares, or kennels with known cases. Limit your dog’s interaction with unknown or unvaccinated dogs, and practise good hygiene by regularly cleaning their water bowls, bedding, and toys to reduce the risk of transmission from contaminated objects.
Choose facilities that require up-to-date vaccinations
If you use dog boarding kennels, daycares, or dog walking services, always select those that mandate current vaccination against infectious diseases including kennel cough. This not only protects your dog but helps reduce disease spread among all dogs involved.
Watch for symptoms and act promptly
Early recognition of kennel cough symptoms like persistent dry coughing, retching, sneezing, nasal discharge, or lethargy is important. Most cases resolve within one to three weeks, but puppies, elderly dogs, or immunocompromised dogs might develop complications. Contact your vet promptly if symptoms are severe, worsening, or if your dog shows breathing difficulties.
Support your dog's overall health and immune system
A strong immune system helps your dog resist infections. Feed a balanced diet appropriate for their age and condition, keep them fit and lean, provide regular parasite prevention, maintain dental health, and ensure routine veterinary check-ups to detect health issues early. Also, stress reduction is important because stress can lower immunity, increasing infection risk.
Practice isolation and hygiene when your dog is ill
If your dog develops kennel cough, isolate them from other dogs for at least one to two weeks to prevent spreading the infection. Clean all their belongings thoroughly and avoid shared water or food bowls at public spaces.
Summary of Key Steps to Reduce Kennel Cough Risk
- Vaccinate your dog annually with the specific kennel cough vaccine (intranasal or oral), starting puppies at eight weeks.
- Ensure boosters are up to date, especially before kenneling or social mixing.
- Keep puppies indoors and limit exposure until fully vaccinated and immune.
- Avoid crowded dog areas and limit contact with unknown or unvaccinated dogs.
- Choose dog care facilities that require and verify current vaccinations.
- Be vigilant for kennel cough symptoms and seek vet advice promptly.
- Support your dog's wellbeing with good nutrition, parasite control, and stress minimisation.
- Isolate sick dogs and maintain strict hygiene on their possessions.
By following these expert-backed, practical steps, you can substantially reduce your dog’s chances of contracting kennel cough and keep them happy and healthy throughout the year. Always consult your veterinary practice for personalised advice suited to your dog’s specific needs and lifestyle.
