What Temperature is Safe for Dogs? UK Guide

Because dogs have their own fur coats, we often think of them as very hardy to the cold and able to comfortably withstand temperatures lower than we humans find appropriate. However, all dogs can and do feel the cold just like we do, and not all dogs are as well protected against the elements as we often think.

There are several factors that dictate how cold or warm any given dog is likely to feel in different environments and ambient temperatures. Knowing how to assess these is key to ensuring that your dog stays safe and comfortable, whatever the weather.

In this article, we will explore what makes dogs feel cold or warm, what temperature ranges are generally safe, and practical tips to keep your canine companion comfortable throughout the year.

Your dog’s body temperature and comfort

The normal body temperature of a dog is slightly higher than that of people — typically between 38.3 and 39.2 degrees Celsius, compared to 36.5-37.5 for healthy adult humans. This means dogs naturally maintain a higher core temperature, and thanks to their fur, they are often more tolerant of cooler conditions than we are.

However, their fur coats vary widely in thickness and insulation, affecting how well they can maintain this temperature. Dogs with thick double coats, like the Siberian husky, are better insulated against cold, while breeds with single, thin coats such as the Staffordshire bull terrier may feel the chill much more.

What influences how cold or warm your dog feels?

Each dog is unique in its temperature tolerance, influenced by factors including breed, body composition, and acclimatisation:

• Coat type: Thick, dense coats with undercoats insulate better in cold weather. Short-haired or single-layer coats provide less protection.
• Body fat: Dogs with higher body fat, like Golden retrievers, retain heat easier, while very lean dogs, like whippets, are more vulnerable to cold.
• Coat colour: Dogs with dark coats absorb more heat from sunlight, helping on cold bright days but increasing heat sensitivity in summer.
• Acclimatisation: Dogs used to outdoor living or cooler climates adapt better to cold than those primarily living indoors.
• Age and health: Puppies, elderly dogs, and those unwell or malnourished are more sensitive to temperature changes and need extra care.

External factors affecting your dog’s temperature

The temperature on the thermometer is just one part of the story. Other conditions significantly influence how warm or cold your dog feels:

• Wetness: A wet dog feels much colder as water draws heat away from the body.
• Wind chill: Breezes or strong winds increase heat loss, making conditions feel colder.
• Activity level: Active dogs generate more body heat and handle cooler temperatures better than inactive ones.
• Sun exposure: Direct sunlight can warm your dog even in colder ambient temperatures, especially with darker fur.

Safe temperature ranges for dogs

While every dog is different, general guidelines help keep your pet safe and comfortable in the UK climate:

• Cold weather: Temperatures around 5-15 degrees Celsius are usually comfortable for most dogs. Small, short-haired, or elderly dogs may need protection below 10 degrees Celsius.
• Very cold conditions: Below 5 degrees Celsius, consider coats or limiting outdoor exposure. Avoid prolonged walks in temperatures below -4 degrees Celsius for most breeds.
• Warm weather: Most dogs tolerate 15-25 degrees Celsius well. When temperatures rise above 25 degrees, monitor for heat stress signs and provide shade and water.
• Hot conditions: Above 27 degrees Celsius, it’s generally unsafe for dogs to be active outdoors for long—heatstroke risk rises sharply.

How to keep your dog comfortable year-round

Here are practical steps to ensure your dog is cosy, safe, and happy in your home and outside:

1. Provide warm bedding and shelter: Ensure your dog’s bed is insulated from cold floors and drafts. Consider heated mats for elderly or sick dogs in winter.
2. Dress appropriately for weather: Insulating coats help short-haired or small dogs in cold weather. Waterproof options prevent heat loss when wet.
3. Limit exposure to extreme temperatures: Avoid long walks during peak heat or bitter cold and adapt exercise routines accordingly.
4. Keep water available: Hydration is vital in all weather, especially hot weather to avoid dehydration and heat stress.
5. Monitor for signs of distress: Excessive panting, shivering, lethargy, or restlessness may indicate temperature discomfort or danger. Act promptly.

Extra tips for UK dog owners

UK weather can be unpredictable. Be prepared with these additional tips:

• Check pavements before walking in hot weather; surfaces can burn paws.
• Use dog booties if walking on icy or salted surfaces to protect paws.
• Keep your dog indoors during heatwaves and provide cool resting places.
• In sudden cold snaps, limit outdoor time even for breeds hardy to cold.

Responsible pet ownership reminder

Every dog deserves a comfortable environment suited to its needs. Consider your dog’s breed, age, health, and preferences when planning care. If unsure about your dog's tolerance or health regarding temperatures, consult your vet or animal welfare organisations.

Buying from reputable breeders ensures you get a healthy dog, bred with welfare in mind, which can affect adaptability to climates.

With proper care and attention, your dog will enjoy a happy, safe life in any weather.