White Shaker Syndrome in Dogs: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

White Shaker Syndrome, also known as Idiopathic Cerebellitis, is a neurological disorder in dogs marked by involuntary whole-body tremors. This condition results from inflammation in the cerebellum, the brain area controlling coordination and muscle movements, causing the muscles to shake uncontrollably and often distressing owners.

While the exact cause remains uncertain, it's suspected that an autoimmune reaction affecting neurotransmitters in the brain plays a part. Interestingly, small white breeds such as West Highland Terrier puppies and Maltese puppies are more frequently affected, although dogs of any breed or colour may develop the syndrome. Other breeds including the Bichon Frise, Poodle, Beagle, and Yorkshire Terrier have also been diagnosed with this syndrome.

1. Recognising the Symptoms of White Shaker Syndrome

Key symptoms to watch for include:

• Involuntary tremors or shaking affecting the whole body
• Rapid, involuntary eye movements especially during excitement or stress (nystagmus)
• Symptoms sometimes mistaken for anxiety, seizures, or hypothermia

The severity of tremors can vary from mild to severe, sometimes impacting a dog's ability to walk. Owners should monitor closely for progressive worsening over one to three days.

2. Possible Causes and Predispositions

The exact cause of White Shaker Syndrome remains unknown, classified as idiopathic. Current evidence suggests an immune-mediated mechanism where the body's immune system attacks parts of the nervous system leading to inflammation. This might involve neurotransmitter deficiencies in the cerebellum. Though white coats seem to be a risk factor, the condition is not exclusive to white dogs.

3. Seeking a Vet Diagnosis

If you notice tremors or unusual shaking in your dog, an urgent veterinary consultation is essential. Providing your dog's medical history and any preceding behavioural changes can assist diagnosis.

Your vet will conduct a thorough physical examination and may recommend several tests, such as:

• Blood tests and urinalysis to rule out infections or metabolic issues
• Electrolyte panels
• Cerebrospinal fluid analysis to check for inflammation in the nervous system

These diagnostic steps follow a process of elimination to distinguish White Shaker Syndrome from other causes of tremors like anxiety, seizures, or hypothermia, which require different treatments.

4. Treatment Options for White Shaker Syndrome

Treatment typically depends on symptom severity and the dog's overall health. Many dogs respond well to corticosteroids that reduce brain inflammation. In some cases, muscle relaxants such as diazepam may be prescribed to alleviate tremors.

Depending on the dog’s condition, treatment may be administered as an outpatient or require hospitalisation until stabilisation. Most dogs improve within a week, though some require long-term or lifelong steroid therapy to keep symptoms controlled.

5. Long-Term Management and Monitoring

After initial treatment, vets usually schedule weekly check-ups for the first month to monitor progress, gradually spacing visits to monthly as symptoms improve. Steroid doses are reduced cautiously over several months.

If symptoms recur, treatment recommences. Some dogs may need ongoing medication to maintain a good quality of life. Importantly, White Shaker Syndrome is not painful and does not affect a dog's personality.

6. Supporting Your Dog at Home

Minimising excitement and keeping your dog calm can help reduce tremor intensity. Provide a quiet, comfortable environment and avoid strenuous exercise during flare-ups. Follow your vet’s advice closely concerning medication and follow-up visits.

7. Responsible Breeding and Awareness

Due to the unclear hereditary nature of White Shaker Syndrome, responsible breeders should avoid breeding affected dogs to help prevent passing on potential predispositions. If you’re looking for a dog, consider finding a healthy puppy from reputable breeders who test for hereditary conditions.

Conclusion

White Shaker Syndrome is a treatable neurological condition causing tremors predominantly in small or white-coated dogs. Early veterinary diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids yield favourable outcomes, with many dogs making significant or full recoveries. Owners should act promptly if their dog exhibits shaking, and maintain regular vet monitoring during recovery and beyond. With proper care and medical support, dogs with White Shaker Syndrome can continue to live happy, comfortable lives.

If you suspect your dog has symptoms described here, consult your vet for professional evaluation and management tailored to your dog's needs.