Why Is My Rabbit Limping? Causes, Diagnosis & Care

If you notice your rabbit limping, there can be various reasons behind their lameness. While an injured leg might be the obvious cause, limping can also signal other painful conditions affecting one or more limbs. Rabbits may favour a particular leg to avoid placing weight on a painful area; you might observe a change from their usual hopping to a slower “walking” gait or see them pushing less with their hind legs.

In any case, it is important to consult a vet promptly to diagnose your rabbit’s condition. A thorough examination can reveal muscular damage, infections, or neurological issues causing the limp.

Symptoms & Types of Lameness in Rabbits

Lameness in rabbits can manifest through various symptoms. You may see limited movement in joints or notice swelling and deformities. Common signs include:

• Pain or discomfort at rest or when moving
• Lethargy and reduced activity
• Depression or hiding from interaction
• Prolonged sitting in a hunched position
• Refusal or reluctance to move
• Grinding teeth or vocalising when moving
• Loss of appetite and reduced water intake
• Stopping self-grooming
• Inability to hop properly and losing muscle tone
• Swollen joints
• Sores around the perineal area due to urine scalding from difficulty standing

Common Causes of Rabbit Lameness

Several medical conditions can cause your rabbit to limp, including:

• Congenital abnormalities affecting limb development
• Soft tissue, joint or bone injuries such as sprains and fractures
• Abscesses formed due to bacterial infection
• Septic arthritis or joint infections causing pain and swelling
• Pododermatitis (sore hocks), a painful infection on the bottom of the feet
• Bone or soft tissue tumours
• Arthritis causing joint degeneration
• Dysplasia – dislocations of shoulder, hip, or elbow joints
• Torn ligaments or muscle injuries
• Fractures from trauma
• Spinal conditions such as intervertebral disc disease
• Spondylitis, inflammation of the vertebrae
• Obesity combined with lack of sufficient exercise, leading to strain and pain

How Are Rabbit Lameness Conditions Diagnosed?

When you notice limping, immediate veterinary consultation is vital. Your vet needs detailed history about your rabbit’s health and symptom onset. The examination may include:

• Physical and neurological assessment to determine muscular or nerve-related causes
• Blood and urine tests to check for infection or systemic illness
• Joint fluid analysis for suspected arthritis or infection
• X-rays to assess bone, joint, or spinal abnormalities

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the underlying cause diagnosed by the vet. Possible approaches include:

• Fluid therapy to prevent dehydration if eating or drinking stops
• Pain relief including sedatives, anti-inflammatories and sometimes morphine
• Antibiotics to treat infections such as abscesses or pododermatitis
• Surgical intervention for fractures, abscess drainage, or joint correction

Important After Care Tips

After veterinary treatment, your rabbit’s recovery depends greatly on your care at home. Provide a warm, quiet space with soft bedding, cleaned daily to avoid infection and promote healing. Limit your rabbit's movement to prevent re-injury.

Monitor their appetite and water intake carefully. Offering damp leafy vegetables, carrot tops, and favourite foods can encourage eating. If your rabbit refuses food, consult your vet for guidance on appropriate force-feeding techniques and suitable diet changes, avoiding high-fat or high-carb foods unless advised.

Conclusion

Rabbit limping can result from many causes, often indicating pain or injury affecting the limbs or joints. Prompt veterinary diagnosis is essential to identify the problem and begin suitable treatment, which may include medication or surgery. Your attentive and responsible aftercare will be crucial for your rabbit’s full recovery, ensuring they remain in a clean, warm environment with proper nutrition and limited stress.