Maltese vs Coton de Tulear: Key Differences Explained

Small, white fluffy dogs are some of the UK’s most treasured companions. Among them, the Maltese puppies and Coton de Tulear puppies often cause confusion due to their similar looks. Yet, these two breeds differ distinctly in appearance, temperament, and history. This guide will help you confidently distinguish between them and understand their unique qualities.

The Coat

The type and colour of a dog’s coat is often the first clue to its breed. The Maltese dog is renowned for its long, silky, fine, single-layered coat which is typically pure white. Occasionally, very slight lemon or tan markings can appear, but pure white is the standard. Their hair grows long, especially on the head, often tied back to keep it clear of their eyes. Importantly, the Maltese coat is hypoallergenic since it lacks an undercoat, resulting in minimal shedding.

In contrast, the Coton de Tulear’s coat is thicker and softer, often described as cotton-like in texture—this is where the breed gets its name. It typically features a slight wave rather than being perfectly straight. This coat can come in pure white, but also in varieties with tan markings, black and white, or tricolour patterns. Their fur is finer and more akin to human hair than typical dog fur, and unlike the Maltese, the Coton’s coat is usually referred to as hair rather than fur. This softness tends to be more pronounced in puppies, who have especially silky coats compared to adults.

Head and Tail Characteristics

The two breeds possess distinguishing ear placement and tail carriage. Maltese dogs have low-set ears adorned with long silky hair, whereas the Coton de Tulear’s ears are set higher on the head, closer to the cheeks, and are shorter and more triangular.

Regarding tails, the Coton de Tulear’s tail is set low at the base of the back and is typically carried below the hock level, with a slight upward curve at the tip, resting on the back while moving. Meanwhile, the Maltese holds its tail high, curling it gracefully over the back in a distinctive arc. Both breeds feature plumed tails, but the Maltese’s tail fur tends to be longer and more abundant.

Body Shape and Movement

Maltese dogs present a compact, balanced body roughly equal in length and height. This build supports a smooth, elegant gait with quick, precise movements. They are known for being agile and graceful despite their small stature.

The Coton de Tulear has a sturdier, slightly longer body relative to height, with the back being about one-third longer than the height at the withers. Their movement is steady, free, and flowing, demonstrating their lively and balanced nature.

Size: Height and Weight Differences

Size provides a helpful, though sometimes subtle, way to differentiate these breeds. Maltese dogs are smaller, generally weighing up to a maximum of 7 pounds (around 3kg). Male Maltese usually stand about 10 inches tall, with females slightly shorter at 9 inches.

In contrast, the Coton de Tulear is a bit larger and heavier, often weighing up to 15 pounds (around 7kg). Their height can reach up to 12 inches. This weight difference can be a clear indicator when trying to distinguish the breeds.

Temperament: Personality in Brief

Beyond looks, the temperament of these breeds also contrasts. Maltese dogs are affectionate, lively, intelligent, and alert companions who thrive on human interaction. Although small, they often act as watchful watchdogs and are sometimes fearless. They prefer gentle handling and may be sensitive around very boisterous children.

The Coton de Tulear tends to be more personable and outgoing, known for their friendly and social disposition. They generally enjoy active play and companionship, making them great family pets that adapt well to various living environments.

Responsible Puppy Acquisition

If you’re considering adding either a Maltese or a Coton de Tulear to your family, it’s vital to seek out reputable Maltese breeders or responsible Coton de Tulear breeders in the UK. Proper breeding practices ensure healthier puppies and promote the welfare of these charming breeds. Avoid impulsive purchases or unverified sellers to help combat irresponsible breeding and support ethical pet ownership.

Summary: How to Tell Them Apart

• Coat: Maltese have fine, silky, straight white coats; Cotons have thicker, cottony, wavy coats and variable colouring.
• Head and Ears: Maltese ears are low-set and long-haired; Cotons have higher, shorter triangular ears.
• Tail: Maltese tail curls over the back; Coton tail usually rests lower but curves upward at the tip.
• Build: Maltese are compact and balanced; Cotons are slightly longer and sturdier.
• Size: Maltese weigh up to 7lb and are up to 10" tall; Cotons can reach 15lb and 12" tall.
• Temperament: Maltese are alert and lively; Cotons are friendlier and more outgoing.

Recognising these traits takes a little practice but brings confidence in identifying these lovely breeds. Each offers its unique charm for dog lovers seeking a small, affectionate companion.