What factors cause cracked paws in dogs?

Dogs have uniquely tough and flexible footpads that enable them to walk comfortably on a variety of surfaces. These footpads protect their paws from soreness, cuts, and abrasions. However, dogs’ paws are not invincible, and cracked paws are a common and often painful problem that can make walking uncomfortable.

Understanding the factors that contribute to cracked paws is essential for prevention and effective care. In this guide, we explore the most common causes and how you can safeguard your dog's paws to keep them healthy and comfortable.

Health conditions and breed tendencies

Some cases of cracked paws stem from underlying health conditions that require veterinary evaluation. A hereditary condition called hyperkeratosis causes the pads and toes to thicken excessively, increasing dryness and cracks. Managing this condition with the guidance of your vet helps prevent paw damage over time.

Certain dog breeds are naturally more prone to cracked paws due to thinner or more delicate skin on their paws. For example, the Greyhound puppies have finer paw skin, making them more vulnerable to cracking. Awareness of breed-related risks allows owners to take proactive protective measures.

Cold and wet weather effects

Just like people can experience dry skin in colder months, dogs’ paws can lose moisture and become vulnerable during winter. Exposure to cold, snow, ice, and de-icing salts can dry and weaken their footpads, making cracks more likely.

Always dry your dog’s paws thoroughly after walks in wet or cold conditions and consider using dog booties for extra protection. Maintaining balanced humidity in your home and applying paw wax or moisturising creams designed for dogs can keep footpads supple and resistant to cracking.

Walking on hard or harsh surfaces

Long walks on tough surfaces such as concrete, hardcore, or tarmac may cause abrasions and cracks, especially if your dog isn't accustomed to them. Regular exposure to some hard surfaces can naturally toughen paws, but abrupt or excessive walking on harsh terrain risks damaging sensitive skin.

It’s wise to alternate walking routes between hard and softer surfaces like grass or dirt to provide relief and reduce paw stress. Protective boots can also be valuable when walking longer distances or on unknown terrain.

Impact of high-energy activities

Vigorous exercise such as running, jumping, and quick turns on rough surfaces can injure paws leading to abrasions, scabs, and cracking. While such activities are excellent for a dog's overall health, it's important to limit them to softer grounds to protect paw integrity.

Choosing grass or other forgiving surfaces for high-impact play helps reduce the risk of paw injury, ensuring your dog stays pain-free and active.

Dehydration and nutrition

Hydrated skin is essential for healthy, flexible paw pads. Dehydration reduces the moisture in the skin, increasing the chance of dryness and cracking. Make sure your dog always has access to clean, fresh water, especially on longer walks or during hot weather.

Furthermore, a balanced diet rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals supports skin health. Nutritional deficiencies, especially in protein or zinc, can weaken paw skin and keratin production, driving higher risk of cracks. Consult your vet for diet advice if you suspect nutritional concerns.

Preventive care and responsible ownership

Keeping your dog’s paws healthy requires a combination of environmental protection, attentive care, and good health management. Regularly inspect your dog's paws for signs of dryness, redness, or injury.

Using paw balms or waxes can maintain moisture and shield footpads from harsh elements. Booties are helpful in extreme weather or challenging outdoor conditions. Avoid chemicals such as de-icing salts and harsh cleaners that can irritate paws.

Lastly, liaise regularly with your vet to rule out or manage health issues like allergies or hereditary conditions that may affect paw health. This approach exemplifies responsible pet ownership and ensures your dog enjoys happy, pain-free walks.

FAQs

Why do dogs get cracked paws?

Cracked paws often result from a combination of environmental factors like cold weather, rough surfaces, and dryness, along with underlying health conditions and nutritional deficits.

How can I protect my dog’s paws in winter?

Dry paws well after walks, avoid salted areas, use protective booties, and apply dog-safe paw wax to keep the skin moist and flexible.

What breeds are prone to cracked paws?

Breeds like Greyhounds with thinner paw skin are more vulnerable. However, all breeds can develop cracked paws if exposed to harsh conditions without care.

Can dehydration cause paw problems?

Yes, dehydration leads to dry skin including the paw pads, making cracking more likely. Always ensure fresh water availability.