Italian Greyhound

The Italian Greyhound is a unique breed known as the smallest of the "sight" hounds, representing a delicate and diminutive cousin to the larger Greyhound. Historically favoured by royalty and nobility for centuries, this elegant dog carries an ancient lineage that some believe traces back to ancestors in Egyptian tombs, linking it to the earliest forms of hound breeds.

Primarily bred as companion animals rather than hunters, Italian Greyhounds today are cherished for their affectionate temperaments and striking slender frames. Their agility and speed remain impressive, but their gentle nature and small stature make them best suited to calm households that can provide both safety and companionship. This breed’s adaptability to modern living spaces means they thrive comfortably in apartments or homes with secure gardens alike.

With their fine, glossy coats and graceful movements, Italian Greyhounds capture attention not only for their appearance but for their sensitive and intelligent demeanor. Owners looking for a devoted and lively yet sensitive companion will find much to love in this breed. They are especially well matched with adults and families with older children due to their fragility and need for gentle handling.

Caring for an Italian Greyhound involves daily exercise tailored to their delicate bone structure, regular grooming to maintain their sleek coat, and mindful socialisation to nurture confidence. Prospective owners should be aware of their high prey drive and tendency towards separation anxiety to ensure their needs are fully met and the breed can blossom in the home environment.

Perfect For

Owners seeking an affectionate, low-shedding companion with a noble history and graceful agility, especially suited to quieter homes or those with older children. Ideal for apartment dwellers or anyone able to offer a safe garden and dedicated time for daily exercise and gentle training.

Key Considerations

Italian Greyhounds require careful handling due to their fragile bones, consistent early socialisation to forestall timidity, and must be managed carefully around small animals because of their strong prey drive. Potential owners need to be vigilant about separation anxiety and provide secure living spaces to prevent escapes due to their agility and quickness.

The precise origins of the Italian Greyhound remain somewhat shrouded in mystery, with evidence suggesting the breed has existed for around 2000 years. Archaeological finds, including depictions in ancient art from Turkey and Greece and mummified remains in Ancient Egyptian tombs, point to small greyhound-type dogs being cherished across many ancient civilisations.

Italian Greyhounds appeared in frescoes from Pompeii and it is surmised that Roman soldiers brought such hounds back to their homes as prized companions. Throughout the Middle Ages and Renaissance, the breed grew immensely in popularity across Italy, revered for their size and companionship qualities. This period solidified their status as lap dogs among noble families.

Early Development

In medieval Europe, these small hounds were primarily companion dogs but also served in hunting small game such as rabbits due to their speed and agility. Their delicate conformation made them less suited for rigorous work but perfect as pets of the aristocracy. Notable royal owners included Mary Queen of Scots and Charles I in the UK, as well as Queen Victoria and Catherine the Great, who further popularised the breed in their courts.

Modern Recognition

The Italian Greyhound Club of Great Britain formed in 1900 as a response to unethical breeding practices that threatened the health and integrity of the breed. These efforts saved the breed from near extinction and established strict breeding standards to preserve their delicate but robust nature. Today, decades later, the Italian Greyhound thrives globally as a beloved companion dog, supported by dedicated breed clubs that continue to promote health and welfare.

Size and Build

Males and females are remarkably similar in height, standing between 33 to 38 cm at the withers and weighing between 3.6 to 8.2 kg. Their proportions are slender yet muscular, designed for speed and agility. The body is elegant and refined, with a deep narrow chest and a slightly arched back over the loins, blending power with grace. Muscular hindquarters contribute to their excellent propulsion when moving.

Coat and Colours

The Italian Greyhound boasts a short, fine, and glossy coat with supple, delicate skin beneath. Accepted Kennel Club colours encompass a broad spectrum including Black, Blue, Cream, Fawn, Red, White, and various pied and trimmed combinations. Notably, red-coated dogs have black-tipped hairs due to the sable gene, differing from the true red seen in breeds like the Red Setter.

Distinctive Features

The head is long, flat, and narrow with only a slight stop, and it features large expressive eyes conveying a gentle, kind expression. Ears are rose-shaped, fine-textured and set back, never pricked. Their long neck is gracefully arched. They possess a strong jaw with a perfect scissor bite. The tail is long, fine, set low, and usually carried low, complementing their hare-like feet and straight legs. Their gait is high-stepping and free, demonstrating excellent straight-line movement and hindquarter propulsion.

Gender Differences

There is minimal size difference between males and females. Temperamentally, males might exhibit slightly more confidence but both genders display the breed’s well-known affectionate and sensitive nature. The breed standard emphasises health and proportion rather than exaggerated features, as these can compromise wellbeing and function.

The Italian Greyhound's ideal form balances delicate elegance with muscular definition, suitable for both show and active companionship. Judging in the show ring focuses on correct proportions, smooth movement, and overall condition.

Core Personality Traits

The Italian Greyhound is an affectionate, intelligent, and highly social breed. They thrive on human companionship and are known for bonding deeply with their families. Although delicate, they possess surprising athleticism and enjoy bursts of playful energy balanced with relaxed quiet times. Their keen intelligence means they learn quickly, absorbing both positive and negative behaviours.

Social Behavior

They tend to be wary and aloof with strangers, typically avoiding confrontation and aggressive behaviour. Within the family or social group, they are loving and gentle but require early and thorough socialisation to develop confidence. Italian Greyhounds usually get along well with other dogs they know but their high prey drive makes them unsuitable for homes with small pets unless raised together carefully.

Working Instincts

As sight hounds, Italian Greyhounds possess a strong prey drive and speed, manifesting in a natural instinct to chase moving objects. Although not traditionally working dogs today, their instincts require management, especially outdoors, to prevent dangerous pursuits of small wildlife or livestock.

Common Behavioral Challenges

One challenge is their predisposition to separation anxiety; they form close bonds and dislike being left alone for long periods, which can lead to destructive behaviours. Their fragility also demands gentle handling and awareness to avoid injury. They can initially be shy if not socialised properly as puppies but usually develop into calm, confident adults if given proper early exposure and training. They are generally quiet but alert, making effective informal watchdogs.

The Italian Greyhound is intelligent and eager to please, though their intelligence can sometimes serve their own interests, resulting in selective obedience. Housetraining can be a delicate process, requiring calm, patient consistency. Early and ongoing training is essential, especially for recall commands, as their sight hound nature makes them easily distracted by movement at a distance.

Puppy Training Priorities

During the first six months, focus should be on socialisation to build confidence and reduce timidity. Puppy-proofing the home is vital to protect their fragile bones. Ground rules for behaviour and boundaries must be established gently but firmly from the outset. Frequent, short training sessions employing positive reinforcement methods are most effective.

Training Methods That Work

Gentle, reward-based training fits best with their sensitive temperaments. Harsh corrections or heavy-handed approaches are counterproductive. Consistency combined with patience helps build trust and responsiveness. Clicker training and treat rewards motivate learning, while calm, encouraging voices support progress.

Advanced Training Potential

Italian Greyhounds excel in obedience, agility sports, and can perform well in canine freestyle or rally. Their intelligence accommodates more complex tasks, though their physical delicacy means care must be taken with the intensity of physical activities. Mental stimulation through puzzle toys and scent games also enhances their wellbeing.

Common Training Mistakes

Owners often underestimate the breed’s sensitivity and resort to punitive methods that hamper progress. Overexerting puppies or allowing unrestricted jumping can cause injury. Owners must avoid inconsistent recall training and should never trust the breed fully off-lead in unsecured areas due to their prey instincts.

Age-Specific Interactions

Italian Greyhounds are most suitable in homes with older children and adults who can respect their delicate nature and handle them gently. Toddlers and very young children are not recommended companions for this breed as their energetic play and noise can cause stress or accidental injury to these fragile dogs.

Teaching Children Proper Interaction

Educating children on gentle handling and appropriate play is essential. They should learn to avoid sudden movements, loud noises, or rough play. Children should be taught to let the dog approach them rather than the other way around, ensuring a calm and safe interaction for both.

Breed-Specific Considerations

The breed’s small size and thin bones necessitate careful supervision during family activities. Their sensitivity to loud, chaotic environments means that quiet, calm homes are preferred. Their prey drive means small pets must be kept separate or introductions closely managed.

Creating Safe Environments

Supervision is vital at all times when the dog interacts with children, especially in unfamiliar or busy environments. Quiet, secure spaces for retreat help the dog manage stress, while older children can help reinforce routine and training. This balance supports harmonious, safe relationships between dogs and family members.

Breed-Specific Health Conditions

The Italian Greyhound has a lifespan averaging 12 to 15 years when cared for appropriately. While generally robust, the breed is prone to several hereditary and congenital conditions including hereditary cataracts, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), congenital deafness especially in white-coated dogs, Von Willebrand’s disease, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, and familial enamel hypoplasia (amelogenesis imperfecta). Epilepsy also appears in some bloodlines, with ongoing research aimed at better understanding it.

Genetic Testing Requirements

No official BVA/KC genetic health schemes exist for the breed, but conscientious breeders utilise testing such as the Canine Eye Registration Foundation (CERF) tests for cataracts and PRA, BAER testing for deafness, and Von Willebrand’s factor screening. X-ray exams are used to detect Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, while DNA tests are available for enamel hypoplasia.

Preventive Healthcare Schedule

Vaccinations begin with initial puppy shots between 10-12 weeks, followed by boosters to maintain immunity. Regular worming and flea control, along with annual vet health checks, maintain wellbeing. Spaying and neutering are recommended typically between 6-12 months of age, with veterinary guidance tailored individually.

Insurance Considerations

Insurance premiums reflect breed sensitivities and potential hereditary conditions, with epilepsy and bone fractures among commonly claimed ailments. Prospective owners should seek comprehensive lifetime pet insurance to cover health contingencies, budgeting accordingly for veterinary expenses over the dog's lifespan.

Daily Care Routine

Italian Greyhounds require regular but gentle exercise routines, ideally beginning with a short morning walk and a longer, stimulating afternoon walk. Their delicate frame demands careful monitoring to prevent overexertion or injury. Grooming sessions to keep the coat healthy and skin checked should occur at least twice weekly.

Living Environment Needs

They adapt well to apartment living provided they receive enough exercise, but access to a secure, high-fenced garden is highly beneficial for off-lead running. Their sensitive skin and short coats mean that cooler climates and drafts should be avoided, with warm bedding and protective clothing recommended in colder weather.

Seasonal Care Adjustments

In summer, avoid overexposure to heat and provide ample shade and fresh water. In winter, protection from cold is essential due to their thin coats and low body fat. Dressing the dog in protective coats and limiting time outdoors during harsh weather helps prevent illness.

Senior Care Adaptations

Older Italian Greyhounds benefit from softer bedding, reduced exercise intensity, and dietary adjustments to maintain weight and support aging joints. Supplements for arthritis and regular vet assessments support quality of life as they age. Monitoring for sensory decline is crucial to comfort and safety.

Coat Maintenance Schedule

The Italian Greyhound’s fine, short coat requires low to moderate maintenance, with brushing recommended at least twice a week to remove loose hairs and check for skin issues. Shedding tends to increase during spring and autumn, necessitating more frequent grooming during these periods.

Professional Grooming Requirements

Professional grooming is rarely needed outside of occasional nail trims and basic hygiene care. The breed’s coat does not require clipping or styling, making home grooming straightforward and cost-effective.

Home Grooming Techniques

Use a soft bristle brush or grooming glove to gently maintain coat shine and skin health. Regular ear checks and cleaning prevent infections, especially as wax buildup can cause discomfort. Dental care is crucial; brush teeth several times a week with dog-specific toothpaste to avoid common dental diseases.

Common Grooming Challenges

Skin sensitivities can cause flare-ups, so watch for redness or dryness and consult a vet if problems persist. Dental issues are common, requiring diligent oral hygiene. Managing seasonal shedding and preventing matting around joints ensures comfort and health.

Daily Exercise Requirements

Despite their small stature, Italian Greyhounds need at least 40 to 60 minutes of daily exercise to stay fit and happy. This typically includes a shorter morning walk for light stimulation and a longer, more engaging walk in the afternoon. Off-lead running in a secure area supports their energetic bursts and natural agility.

Suitable Activities

They enjoy brisk walks, gentle running, and can excel in dog sports such as agility and lure coursing when managed carefully. Mental stimulation through puzzle toys and training sessions complements physical activity, keeping the breed well-balanced.

Exercise Restrictions

Puppies require limited exercise to protect developing bones and joints, avoiding jumping from heights or stair climbing. Adults should avoid length or intensity that risks injury. Weather considerations include avoiding extreme heat or cold to protect their delicate constitution.

Mental Stimulation Ideas

Puzzle feeders, scent work, and obedience training sessions provide essential mental engagement. Interactive play with toys and social outings enrich their lives and prevent boredom-related behaviours.

Nutritional Requirements

Italian Greyhounds require a well-balanced diet rich in protein and moderate fat to meet their energetic needs. Puppies have higher caloric demands and should be fed specially formulated puppy food. Adults require quality adult dog food with easily digestible ingredients to maintain muscle and coat health.

Feeding Schedule Guidelines

Puppies benefit from 3 to 4 smaller meals per day to prevent hypoglycaemia. Adults thrive on two meals a day, adjusting portions according to weight and activity level. Treats should be given sparingly to avoid obesity.

Special Dietary Considerations

Due to predispositions to allergies and colour dilution alopecia, food ingredients should be selected carefully, avoiding common allergens and fillers. Supplements for skin and joint health may be beneficial alongside veterinary advice.

Weight Management

Maintaining ideal body condition is critical; obesity exacerbates joint strain and shortens lifespan. Regular weight checks and exercise adjustments help prevent excess weight gain. Feeding guidelines should be customised individually to the dog's metabolism and lifestyle.

If considering adding an Italian Greyhound to your family, expect to pay between £1,300 and £2,400 for a well-bred pedigree puppy from a licensed breeder, with individual breeders typically offering puppies from around £1,300 to £2,000. Prices vary according to lineage, breeder reputation, and coat colours.

Initial setup costs include essentials like quality bedding, feeding bowls, toys, grooming tools, and puppy-proofing items, often totalling £150-£250. Monthly expenses commonly range from £50 to £80 covering premium diet food, routine veterinary care including vaccinations and flea/worm treatments, alongside basic grooming.

Insurance premiums vary; basic cover premium for a 3-year-old male in the UK may start at around £22.50 monthly, with more comprehensive lifetime policies averaging £40 to £45 per month. Veterinary costs, including illness management and annual check-ups, are significant to factor into lifelong budgeting.

For current Italian Greyhounds available to adopt or purchase, you can find Italian Greyhounds for sale on Pets4Homes.

When seeking to add an Italian Greyhound to your home, it is important to engage with reputable breeders or rescues to ensure health and welfare quality. Puppy prices from licensed breeders range between £1,300 and £2,400, reflecting pedigree quality and breeding standards, while individual breeders may offer slightly lower prices. Be wary of scams and always meet the puppy and parents in person.

Ethical breeders will provide valid health certificates, vaccination records, and microchip documentation. They will have tested breeding stock for hereditary diseases including cataracts, PRA, Von Willebrand’s disease, and enamel hypoplasia. Avoid breeders who produce unusually small puppies or do not follow breed health protocols.

Finding Ethical Breeders

Look for breeders affiliated with the Italian Greyhound Club of Great Britain and those following Kennel Club breeding regulations. Ask about pedigree, health test results, and the living conditions of the puppies. Verify the breeder's location and reputation through reviews or breed clubs.

Health Testing Verification

Ensure health testing certificates are official and that dogs have undergone CERF eye testing, BAER deafness tests, and screenings for Von Willebrand’s disease. Ideally, breeders should be transparent and willing to discuss any known health issues in their lines.

Puppy Selection Process

When visiting, observe puppy interactions, energy levels, and temperament. Puppies should be well socialised and confident. Ask about mother’s health and temperament, and look for clean, safe environments.

Contract and Guarantee Review

A thorough contract outlining health guarantees, return policies, and spay/neuter agreements is essential. Avoid sellers refusing contracts or guarantees, which may indicate irresponsible breeding.

Rescue and Adoption Options

Consider giving a home to an Italian Greyhound through breed-specific rescues, which often have dogs needing adoption and provide insight into temperament and health. This is a responsible alternative to purchasing a puppy and supports the breed community.

You can find Italian Greyhounds for sale on Pets4Homes, including puppies from verified ethical breeders.