Canine disease like Alabama rot appearing in the UK: What to know

A concerning and potentially fatal canine disease, resembling Alabama rot, has been reported in the UK, claiming the lives of thirteen dogs so far. While the exact cause and transmission method remain unclear, veterinary experts are closely monitoring this grave condition.

Understanding Alabama rot and its UK counterpart

Alabama rot, scientifically known as Cutaneous and Renal Glomerular Vasculopathy (CRGV), was first identified in America during the 1980s. Initially seen primarily in Greyhounds, this bacterial disease causes skin lesions followed by rapid kidney failure, which can be fatal in a considerable number of cases. Typically, early signs manifest as skin sores or lesions on a dog’s face, chest, legs, and abdomen.

More recently, UK veterinary surgeons have encountered a similar syndrome with dogs presenting skin lesions in these same areas, occasionally overlooked by owners until the disease progresses. This UK condition results in acute renal failure within 24 to 48 hours after lesion onset, and while bacteria such as E. coli—a known agent in American Alabama rot—have not been detected, the clinical effects are distressingly alike.

Affected regions and identified hotspots

Cases in the UK have been concentrated mostly in pockets, with confirmed instances in Surrey, Cornwall, Worcestershire, and County Durham. Notably, the New Forest area has experienced the highest number of cases. Authorities like the Environment Agency have tested local water supplies, finding no contamination links so far, but the exact environmental trigger remains a mystery.

Dog owners are urged to take heed of signs posted by the Forestry Commission in popular walking areas and report any suspicious symptoms to veterinary professionals promptly.

Recognising symptoms early to save your dog

The hallmark initial symptom is the sudden appearance of unexplained skin lesions or sores, often on the legs, face, chest, or abdomen. These lesions may appear raw, inflamed, red, or sore, without connection to an injury. Regularly checking your dog’s coat and skin, especially in longhaired breeds, is a wise preventative measure.

If you discover unexplained sores or skin abnormalities, immediate veterinary attention is crucial. The progression to kidney failure can be swift, so early diagnosis and treatment are essential for improving survival chances.

How is the disease treated and what about prognosis?

If diagnosed early, treatment focuses on supporting kidney function, possibly requiring intensive care, including renal support therapies and in severe cases, haemodialysis. The lesions themselves are not considered infectious, and the disease is not thought to spread from dog to dog.

Owners should act quickly at any sign of lesion onset or behavioural changes in their dog, as timely veterinary intervention significantly influences the outcome.

Practical advice for dog owners

• Monitor your dog thoroughly after walks, especially in muddy or woodland areas.
• Report any sudden skin sores to your vet without delay.
• Avoid walks in known affected areas or take extra precautions during wetter months.

Responsible dog ownership and vigilance are paramount in protecting your pet from this emerging threat. Staying informed and acting promptly at early signs can save lives.